Nervous System Flashcards
Frontal Lobe
emotions and personality
Parietal Lobe
math and logic
Temporal Lobe
processing spoken word
Occipital Lobe
processing visual information
Meningitis
Description: inflammation of meninges, membranes covering brain and spinal cord
Symptoms: nuchal rigidity, fever, headache, vomiting
Hemiplegia
Description: result of stroke
Symptoms: paralysis on one side of body
Paraplegia
Description: result of severing of spinal cord in lower back or sacrum
Symptoms: inability to move legs, may have bowel and bladder dysfunction
Quadriplegia
Description: result of severing of spinal cord in the upper thoracic or cervical area
Symptoms: inability to move arms and legs, may have respiratory dysfunction
Encephalitis
Description: inflammation of brain
Symptoms: headache, fever, confusion
Cerebral Vascular Accident (Stroke)
Description: blockage of a vessel or bleeding into brain prevents oxygen getting to brain tissue
Symptoms: malfunction in the portion of the brain that is deprived of circulation
Herniated Disc
Description: protrusion of nucleus pulposis against spinal cord
Symptoms: pain that radiates down leg
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
deterioration of motor neurons
Poliomyelitis
viral infection that leads to weakened muscles
Transient Ischemic Attack
brief interludes of confusion that often precede CVA
Hydrocephalus
enlargement of head due to accumulated fluid in ventricles of brain
Expressive Aphasia
inability to form words
Receptive Aphasia
inability to understand what is being said
Epilepsy
abnormal electrical activity of brain
Cerebral Palsy
damage to brain that causes motor or balance problems
Intracerebral Hematoma
accumulation of blood within the brain tissue due to trauma to head or spontaneous rupture of blood vessel
Concussion
headache, vomiting, damage to brain tissue due to closed head trauma
Alzheimer’s Disease
progressive degeneration thought to be due to plaque and tangles of brain tissue leading to regression of ability to think
Parkinson’s Disease
progressive neurological disease with resulting tremors, shuffling gait, and rigidity
Multi-infarct Dementia
brain damage from chronic ischemia
Bell’s Palsy
temporary facial paralysis caused by virus damaging the VII cranial nerve (facial)
Trigeminal Neuralgia
severe spasm of V cranial nerve (trigeminal)
Olfactory Nerve
Name: I
Function: carries impulses for smell
Optic Nerve
Name: II
Function: carries impulses for sight
Oculomotor Nerve
Name: III
Function: controls eye movement
Trochlear Nerve
Name: IV
Function: controls eye movement
Trigeminal Nerve
Name: V
Function: carries sensation from eye, upper and lower jaw; movement of jaw
Abducens Nerve
Name: VI
Function: controls facial expression, controls salivary and tear glands, carries taste
Facial Nerve
Name: VII
Function: carries taste, controls facial expression
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Name: VIII
Function: carries hearing and controls equilibrium
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Name: IX
Function: carries taste, controls swallowing and gag
Vagus Nerve
Name: X
Function: controls voice box, throat, and digestive juices; longest nerve; goes to abdominal cavity
Spinal Accessory Nerve
Name: XI
Function: controls muscles in neck and larynx
Hypoglossal Nerve
Name: XII
Function: controls muscles of tongue
