Endocrine System Flashcards
Anterior Pituitary Gland
Location: base of brain
Hormone and Purpose:
- growth hormone (GH): stimulates growth of long bones
- follicle stimulating hormone (FSH): stimulates growth of egg in ovary or sperm in testes
- melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH): regulates skin pigment
- luteinizing hormone (LH): stimulates ovulation
- thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH): stimulates thyroid to produce thyroxine
- prolactin: stimulates production of breast milk
Posterior Pituitary Gland
Location: base of brain
Hormone and Purpose:
- ADH: facilitates reabsorption of water in nephron of kidney
- Oxytocin: stimulates milk ejection and uterine contraction
Pineal Gland
Location: center of brain
Hormone: melatonin
Purpose: controls sleep/wake cycles
Thymus Gland
Location: behind sternum
Hormone: thymosine
Purpose: facilitates immunity by stimulating the growth of T-cells
Thyroid Gland
Location: neck
Hormone: thyroxine
Purpose: stimulates metabolism
Pancreas
Location: abdomen
Hormone: insulin
Purpose: assists sugar to go from bloodstream into tissue
Adrenal Glands
Location: top of kidney
Hormone and Purpose:
- aldosterone: regulates sodium and potassium
- cortisol: regulates fat metabolism and blood pressure
Ovaries/Testes
Location: lower abdomen/scrotum
Hormone: estrogen/testosterone
Purpose: facilitates secondary sex characteristics
Kidney
Location: lower back
Hormone: erythropoietin
Purpose: monitors blood for oxygen level
Parathyroids
Location: imbedded in thyroid
Hormone: parathyroid hormone
Purpose: facilitates calcium into bloodstream
