Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
Open/Compound Break
breaks through the skin, will be high risk for osteomyelitis, a severe bone infection
Closed/Simple Break
bone is broken but does not break skin
Greenstick Break
splinters, bends, or cracks
Impacted/Compacted Break
one piece of bone jammed into another
Spiral Break
bone twisted with a tortuous break
Comminuted Break
bone breaks into multiple pieces
Pathological Break
caused by disease process
Osteoporosis
Description: decreased bone mass that often occurs in middle-aged women
Treatment: hormone replacement therapy, increased calcium, weight-bearing exercise, weight loss
Scoliosis
Description: deviation of spine to side
Example: brace, surgery
Lordosis
Description: excessive curvature of lumbar spine (swayback)
Example: surgery may be used
Kyphosis
Description: excessive curvature of thoracic spine (hunchback)
Example: bracing
Osteoarthritis
Description: wear and tear on joints causing pain, stiffness, swelling
Example: medical treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs, assistive devices, exercise, joint replacement
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Description: stiffness, swelling, and pain in joint due to autoimmune disorder
Example: medical treatment and drug therapy, acupuncture
Bursitis
Description: swelling of the fluid sac cushioning joint
Example: avoiding pressure on joint, medication, aspiration
Gout
Description: collection of uric acid crystals in joint causing pain and swelling
Example: low-purine diet, allopurinol
