Nerves VI-XII

Question 1

Abducens nerve (VI)

Motor nucleus is on the pons

Enter the ocular cavity through the: Superior Orbital fissure

Sensory axons from communication from the ophthalmic nerve in the superior orbital fissure.

Postganglionic sympathetic axons from communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus.

Motor (lmn) abducens nucleus of the pons.

Answer 1

It does sensory, postsymp, and motor of the *lateral rectus muscle

Question 2

Facial nerve (VII)

-*Taste axons

-Postganglioic sympathetic axons from *external carotid plexus or the *superior cervical ganglion

Preganglionic Parasympathetic axons from *Superior salivaroty nucleus

-Motor axons from the facial nucleus in the pons

Answer 2

What ganglion is located in the temporal bone that is associated to the facial nerve (VII)?

*Geniculate ganglion

Question 3

Facial nerve (VII)

traverses: internal auditory meatus

Branches in the facial canal

1- Nerve to the stapedius

pg. 803

Answer 3

function- motor (lmn) innervation of the ***stapedius muscle

Question 4

Branches in the facial canal

2- Chorda tympani nerve

traverses: *petrotympanic fissure join the lingual nerve in the infratemporal fossa.

Sensory [taste] innervation of the mucosa of the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue [taste axons join the lingual nerve to innervate the mucosa of the tongue], and preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the submandibular ganglion [the postganglionic parasympathetic axons travel with the lingual nerve and innervate the _______ and ___________ glands]

**No motor innervation by the chorda tympani

Answer 4

sublingual; submandibular

Question 5

Greater petrosal nerve

Originates at the geniculate ganglion and exits the temporal bone through the hiatus greater petrosal nerve (HGPN).

*Once it enter the pterygoid canal it becomes the nerve of the pterygoid canal

function- preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the pterygopalatine ganglion [postganglionic parasympathetic axons arising from the pterygopalatine ganglion join branches of the maxillary nerve to reach the ___________\_ and the mucosa of the nasal cavity & paranasal sinuses, the nasal pharynx and roof of the oral cavity] and sensory [taste] innervation of mucosa of palate.

Answer 5

lacrimal gland

Question 6

Once the pterygopalatine ganglion is innervated by preganglionic parasympathetic axons from the nerve of pterygoid canal, its postganglionic parasympathetic axons travel with the _________ and then with the __________ nerves to get to the lacrimal gland.

Answer 6

zygomatic (from maxillary nerve); lacrimal (from ophthalmic nerve)

Question 7

The taste (sensory) and postganglionic parasympathetic axons travels witht the _______ nerve from the pterygopalatine ganglion to reach the mucosa of the solf-palate.

Answer 7

lesser palatine (branch of maxillary nerve)

**and with the greater palatine nerve to reach the hard-palate

Question 8

Nerve of the Pterygoid canal

function- has both *postganglionic sympathetic (acquired at the pterygoid canal) and *preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the pterygopalatine ganglion [postganglionic parasympathetic axons arising from the pterygopalatine ganglion join branches of the maxillary nerve to reach the lacrimal gland and the mucosa of the nasal cavity & paranasal sinuses, the nasal pharynx and roof of the oral cavity] and taste (palate)

Question 9

Branches at the stylomastoid foramen

Nerve to the stylohyoid m.

function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the _______ muscle

Answer 9

stylohyoid

Question 10

Branches at the stylomastoid foramen

Nerve to the posterior digastric muscle

function- motor (lmn) [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the _______ muscle

Answer 10

posterior belly of the digastric muscle

Question 11

Branches of the face

Temporal branch

function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the ___________, _______, & __________ muscles.

Answer 11

frontalis and orbicularis oculi muscles

Question 12

branches of the face

Zygomatic branch

function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the ________, ____________, ___________ and zygomaticus major muscles

Answer 12

levator anguli oris, levator labii superioris, orbicularis oculi

Question 13

Branches of the face

Buccal branch

function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the__________muscles.

Answer 13

*buccinator, *depressor anguli oris, levator anguli oris, levator labii superioris, *nasalis, *orbicularis oris, zygomaticus major

Question 14

branches of the face

Marginal mandibular branch

function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the depressor anguli oris, ________, ________ & orbicularis oris muscles.

Answer 14

depressor labii inferioris, mentalis

Question 15

branches of the face

Cervical branch

function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the _________ muscle

Answer 15

plastysma

Question 16

Glossoparhyngeal nerve (IX)

Before traversing the jugular foramen it has:

• General sensory axons
• Special sensory (taste) axons

-Preganglionic parasympathetic axons from the inferior salivaroty nucleus

Motor axons from the nucleus ambiguus in the medulla

Answer 16

* postganglionic sympathetic axons are acquired after passing through the superior cervical ganglion.

Question 17

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Traverses: jugular foramen

Comes from: Medulla

Tympanic nerve

function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the ________.

*preganglionic parasympathetic axons exits through the hiatus lesser petrosal nerve (become lesser petrosal nerve) and enter the foramen ovale to innervate of the otic ganglion [postganglionic axons arising from the otic ganglion travel with the _________ nerve to innervate the parotid gland]

Answer 17

middle ear

auriculotemporal (from mandibular nerve)

pg. 508 Moores

Question 18

The tympanic nerve enters the ____________ to get to the middle ear, and exits the middle ear through the hiatus lesser petrosal nerve.

Answer 18

tympanic canaliculus

Question 19

Carotid branch (of glossopharyngeal nerve)

function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the ________ sinus and body

Answer 19

Carotid

Question 20

Pharyngeal branches

function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the mucosa of the ______ pharynx

Answer 20

upper

Question 21

Tonsilar branches

function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the _______ mucosa.

Answer 21

tonsilar

Question 22

Lingual branch

function- sensory [including *taste] and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the mucosa of the posterior _____________ (oral pharynx).

Answer 22

1/3rd of the tongue

Question 23

Nerve to stylopharyngeus muscles

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic & **motor innervation of the __________ muscle

Answer 23

stylopharyngeus

Question 24

Vagus Nerve (X)

enters through: jugular foramen

It has sensory, special sensory, motor( from nucleus ambiguus in the medulla), and preganglionic parasympathetic axons (from dorsal motor nucleus) before it enters the _________.

Some nerves get their postganglionic sympathethic axons after passing throught *superior cervical ganglion.

Answer 24

jugular foramen

Question 25

Branches in the jugular fossa

Auricular branch

function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the skin of the _____________ and ear

Answer 25

*external auditory meatus

Question 26

Branches in the neck and mediastinum

Pharyngeal nerve (plexus)

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, and motor innervation of all the muscles of the_________ [except the *stylopharyngeus] and the palate [except the *tensor palatini]

Answer 26

phrarynx

Question 27

Branches of the neck and mediastinum

Carotid nerve

function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the _______ sinus and body

Answer 27

carotid

Question 28

Superior laryngeal nerve

2 branches

1- Internal laryngeal nerve

function- sensory, *taste [to epiglottis], postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the mucosa of the oral & laryngeal pharynx,_________ and larynx ***** *****superior to the vocal folds.

2- External laryngeal nerve

function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic & motor innervation of the _________, and inferior________ muscles.

Answer 28

epiglottis

*cricothyroid; inferior

Question 29

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

function 1-(Muscles)- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic & motor innervation of all the muscles of the larynx (with the exception of the _________ muscle), and the inferior constrictor muscle;

function 2-(Mucosa)-sensory, postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the tracheal, laryngeopharyngeal, and laryngeal mucosa (_______ to the vocal folds)

Answer 29

crycothyroid

Inferior

Question 30

Accessory nerve (XI)

Cranial roots join pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve

Spinal roots- postganglionic sympathetic axons from communication to the superior cervical ganglion] & motor (lmn) [spinal accessory nucleus of C1-5] innervation of the ________ and ___________ muscles.

–>pass through the jugular foramen.

Answer 30

trapezius : sternocleidomastoid

Question 31

Hypoglossa nerve (XII)

From medulla to its muscular branches it passes through the hypoglossal canal.

function- sensory [communication from the lingual nerve near the hyoglossus muscle], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] & motor (from hypoglossal nucleus in medulla) innervation of the _____, ______,________ and intrinsic tongue muscles.

Answer 31

genioglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus