Nerves VI-XII Flashcards
Abducens nerve (VI)
Motor nucleus is on the pons
Enter the ocular cavity through the: Superior Orbital fissure
Sensory axons from communication from the ophthalmic nerve in the superior orbital fissure.
Postganglionic sympathetic axons from communication from the internal carotid plexus in the cavernous sinus.
Motor (lmn) abducens nucleus of the pons.
It does sensory, postsymp, and motor of the *lateral rectus muscle
Facial nerve (VII)
-*Taste axons
-Postganglioic sympathetic axons from *external carotid plexus or the *superior cervical ganglion
Preganglionic Parasympathetic axons from *Superior salivaroty nucleus
-Motor axons from the facial nucleus in the pons
What ganglion is located in the temporal bone that is associated to the facial nerve (VII)?
*Geniculate ganglion
Facial nerve (VII)
traverses: internal auditory meatus
Branches in the facial canal
1- Nerve to the stapedius
pg. 803
function- motor (lmn) innervation of the ***stapedius muscle
Branches in the facial canal
2- Chorda tympani nerve
traverses: *petrotympanic fissure join the lingual nerve in the infratemporal fossa.
Sensory [taste] innervation of the mucosa of the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue [taste axons join the lingual nerve to innervate the mucosa of the tongue], and preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the submandibular ganglion [the postganglionic parasympathetic axons travel with the lingual nerve and innervate the _______ and ___________ glands]
**No motor innervation by the chorda tympani
sublingual; submandibular
Greater petrosal nerve
Originates at the geniculate ganglion and exits the temporal bone through the hiatus greater petrosal nerve (HGPN).
*Once it enter the pterygoid canal it becomes the nerve of the pterygoid canal
function- preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the pterygopalatine ganglion [postganglionic parasympathetic axons arising from the pterygopalatine ganglion join branches of the maxillary nerve to reach the ___________\_ and the mucosa of the nasal cavity & paranasal sinuses, the nasal pharynx and roof of the oral cavity] and sensory [taste] innervation of mucosa of palate.
lacrimal gland
Once the pterygopalatine ganglion is innervated by preganglionic parasympathetic axons from the nerve of pterygoid canal, its postganglionic parasympathetic axons travel with the _________ and then with the __________ nerves to get to the lacrimal gland.
zygomatic (from maxillary nerve); lacrimal (from ophthalmic nerve)
The taste (sensory) and postganglionic parasympathetic axons travels witht the _______ nerve from the pterygopalatine ganglion to reach the mucosa of the solf-palate.
lesser palatine (branch of maxillary nerve)
**and with the greater palatine nerve to reach the hard-palate
Nerve of the Pterygoid canal
function- has both *postganglionic sympathetic (acquired at the pterygoid canal) and *preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the pterygopalatine ganglion [postganglionic parasympathetic axons arising from the pterygopalatine ganglion join branches of the maxillary nerve to reach the lacrimal gland and the mucosa of the nasal cavity & paranasal sinuses, the nasal pharynx and roof of the oral cavity] and taste (palate)
Branches at the stylomastoid foramen
Nerve to the stylohyoid m.
function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the _______ muscle
stylohyoid
Branches at the stylomastoid foramen
Nerve to the posterior digastric muscle
function- motor (lmn) [facial motor nucleus of the pons] & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the _______ muscle
posterior belly of the digastric muscle
Branches of the face
Temporal branch
function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the ___________, _______, & __________ muscles.
frontalis and orbicularis oculi muscles
branches of the face
Zygomatic branch
function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the ________, ____________, ___________ and zygomaticus major muscles
levator anguli oris, levator labii superioris, orbicularis oculi
Branches of the face
Buccal branch
function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the__________muscles.
*buccinator, *depressor anguli oris, levator anguli oris, levator labii superioris, *nasalis, *orbicularis oris, zygomaticus major
branches of the face
Marginal mandibular branch
function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the depressor anguli oris, ________, ________ & orbicularis oris muscles.
depressor labii inferioris, mentalis
branches of the face
Cervical branch
function- motor & postganglionic sympathetic [communication from external carotid plexus] innervation of the _________ muscle
plastysma
Glossoparhyngeal nerve (IX)
Before traversing the jugular foramen it has:
- General sensory axons
- Special sensory (taste) axons
-Preganglionic parasympathetic axons from the inferior salivaroty nucleus
Motor axons from the nucleus ambiguus in the medulla
* postganglionic sympathetic axons are acquired after passing through the superior cervical ganglion.
Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
Traverses: jugular foramen
Comes from: Medulla
Tympanic nerve
function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the ________.
*preganglionic parasympathetic axons exits through the hiatus lesser petrosal nerve (become lesser petrosal nerve) and enter the foramen ovale to innervate of the otic ganglion [postganglionic axons arising from the otic ganglion travel with the _________ nerve to innervate the parotid gland]
middle ear
auriculotemporal (from mandibular nerve)
pg. 508 Moores
The tympanic nerve enters the ____________ to get to the middle ear, and exits the middle ear through the hiatus lesser petrosal nerve.
tympanic canaliculus
Carotid branch (of glossopharyngeal nerve)
function- sensory & postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the ________ sinus and body
Carotid
Pharyngeal branches
function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] innervation of the mucosa of the ______ pharynx
upper
Tonsilar branches
function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the _______ mucosa.
tonsilar
Lingual branch
function- sensory [including *taste] and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the mucosa of the posterior _____________ (oral pharynx).
1/3rd of the tongue
Nerve to stylopharyngeus muscles
function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic & **motor innervation of the __________ muscle
stylopharyngeus
Vagus Nerve (X)
enters through: jugular foramen
It has sensory, special sensory, motor( from nucleus ambiguus in the medulla), and preganglionic parasympathetic axons (from dorsal motor nucleus) before it enters the _________.
Some nerves get their postganglionic sympathethic axons after passing throught *superior cervical ganglion.
jugular foramen
Branches in the jugular fossa
Auricular branch
function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the skin of the _____________ and ear
*external auditory meatus
Branches in the neck and mediastinum
Pharyngeal nerve (plexus)
function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, and motor innervation of all the muscles of the_________ [except the *stylopharyngeus] and the palate [except the *tensor palatini]
phrarynx
Branches of the neck and mediastinum
Carotid nerve
function- sensory and postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the _______ sinus and body
carotid
Superior laryngeal nerve
2 branches
1- Internal laryngeal nerve
function- sensory, *taste [to epiglottis], postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the mucosa of the oral & laryngeal pharynx,_________ and larynx ***** *****superior to the vocal folds.
2- External laryngeal nerve
function- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic & motor innervation of the _________, and inferior________ muscles.
epiglottis
*cricothyroid; inferior
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
function 1-(Muscles)- sensory, postganglionic sympathetic & motor innervation of all the muscles of the larynx (with the exception of the _________ muscle), and the inferior constrictor muscle;
function 2-(Mucosa)-sensory, postganglionic sympathetic and preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the tracheal, laryngeopharyngeal, and laryngeal mucosa (_______ to the vocal folds)
crycothyroid
Inferior
Accessory nerve (XI)
Cranial roots join pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve
Spinal roots- postganglionic sympathetic axons from communication to the superior cervical ganglion] & motor (lmn) [spinal accessory nucleus of C1-5] innervation of the ________ and ___________ muscles.
–>pass through the jugular foramen.
trapezius : sternocleidomastoid
Hypoglossa nerve (XII)
From medulla to its muscular branches it passes through the hypoglossal canal.
function- sensory [communication from the lingual nerve near the hyoglossus muscle], postganglionic sympathetic [communication from the superior cervical ganglion] & motor (from hypoglossal nucleus in medulla) innervation of the _____, ______,________ and intrinsic tongue muscles.
genioglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus
