Nerves 13 Flashcards

0
Q

Layers of meninges

A

Dura mater outside
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

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1
Q

Spinal tap where

A

Btw l3-l4 or l4-l5, below chord, to subarachnoid space to get CSF

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2
Q

Top and bottom of chord, meninges, below chord

A

Top medulla oblongata
Bottom chord L2
Bottom meninges S2
Conus medullaris to filum terminale - extension of pia mater
Nerves below L2 cauda equina - horse tail

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3
Q

Plexus and important nerves 4

A

Cervical plexus - C1-C5 - phrenic nerve to diaphragm
Brachial plexus - C5-T1 - musculocutaneous, axillary, median, radial, ulnar
Lumbar plexus - L1-L4 - femoral, genitofemoral
Sacral plexus - L4-S4 - sciatic (common fibular, tibial)

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4
Q

Spinal chord internal anatomy 9

A
Posterior sensory, anterior motor
Posterior white column
Lateral white column
Anterior white column
Anterior white commissure connect right and left
Anterior gray horn
Lateral gray horn - autonomic
Gray commissure - crossbar
Central canal
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5
Q

Nerve coverings 3

A

Epineurium
Perineurium
Endoneurium

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6
Q

Branches of spinal nerves 3

A

Posterior ramus
Anterior ramus
Meningeal branch - back to vertebral cavity

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7
Q

Dermatomes, 2 important

A

Area of skin provides sensory input to one spinal nerve pair
T4 - nipple line
T9 - umbilical

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8
Q

Reflexes 9

A

Stretch reflex - contraction in response to stretching
Tendon reflex - cause muscle relax before tendon rips
Flexor and crossed extensor reflexes - flexor withdraws from pain, crossed extensor stiffens other leg to keep from falling
Patellar reflex - stretch knee jerk
Achilles reflex - stretch ankle jerk
Babinski sign - gentle stroke causes great toe extend, up to 1.5 yrs
Plantar flexion reflex - negative babinski, curl toes, after 1.5 yrs
Abdominal reflex - stroke side of abdomen, abs contract
Pupillary light reflex - both eyes constrict when light shine in one

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9
Q

Plegias 5 and sections 2

A

Monoplegia - paralysis of one limb
Diplegia - paralysis of both upper or both lower limbs
Paraplegia - paralysis of both lower limbs
Quadriplegia - paralysis of all four limbs
Hemiplegia - paralysis of both limbs on one side and trunk
Complete transection - cut of spinal chord all the way through
Hemisection - partial transection on left or right

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10
Q

Number of spinal and cranial nerves

A

31 spinal pairs 8 12 5 5 1

12 cranial pairs

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