16 Sensory, Motor, Integrative Systems Flashcards
Sensory modality 19
General somatic tactile - touch, pressure, vibration, itch, tickle
General somatic - temperature, pain, proprioception
General - visceral - pressure, stretch, chemicals, nausea, hunger, temp.
Special - smell, taste, vision, hearing, equilibrium
Sensation, perception
Sensation - awareness of changes in internal or external environment
Perception - interpretation of sensations, cerebral cortex
Sensory receptor classification microscopic structure 3
Free nerve endings - pain, thermal, tickle, itch, touch
Encapsulated nerve ending - pressure, vibration, touch
Separate cell - sight, hearing, taste
Sensory receptor classification location 3
Exteroceptors - convey external stimuli
Interoceptors - visceral, blood vessels
Proprioceptors - muscles, tendons, joints, inner ear - position
Sensory receptor classification type of stimulus 6
Mechanoreceptors - touch, pressure, vibration, proprioception, hearing, equilibrium
Thermoreceptors - temperature
Nocioceptors - pain
Photoreceptors - light
Chemoreceptors - chemicals taste, smell, body fluids
Osmoreceptors - osmotic pressure
Skin receptors 5
Type I cutaneous mechano - tactile discs - epidermis
Corpuscle of touch - meissner - dermal papillae
Type II cutaneous mechano - ruffini corpuscle - deep in dermis
Hair root plexus - dermis
Lamellated corpuscle - pacinian - dermis and sub Q
Types of pain 5
Fast pain - 0.1 seconds - sharp, acute Slow pain - second or more - chronic, burning, throbbing Superficial somatic pain Deep somatic pain Visceral pain
Proprioception receptors - 3
Muscle spindle
Tendon organ
Joint kinesthetic receptor
Somatic sensory pathways - number of neurons
First order - receptor to brain stem or spinal chord
Second order - brain stem to thalamus
Third order - thalamus to primary somatosensory area of cortex
3 somatic sensory pathways
Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway
Anterolateral (spinothalamic) pathway
Trigeminothalamic pathway
Cortex area for somatic sensory
Primary somatosensory area - 1, 2, 3
Proprioceptor spinal tracts 2
Posterior spinocerebellar tract
Anterior spinocerebellar tract
Final common pathway (motor)
Lower motor neurons- brain stem and spinal chord cell bodies, out cranial/spinal nerves, innervate skeletal muscles.
Somatic motor pathway to LMN 4
Local circuit neurons - interneurons in brain stem and spinal chord
Upper motor neurons - from cerebral cortex and brain stem
Basal nuclei neurons - assist movement, initiate terminate movement, suppress unwanted movement
Cerebellar neurons - control upper motor neurons, coordinate
Paralysis 2
Flaccid - no voluntary or reflex action, tone lost, limp. Same side
Spastic - tone increased, reflexes exaggerated, babinski appears. Opposite side.