Autonomic Nervous 15

Question 0

Preganglionic and postganglionic 2 - myelin, cell body where

Answer 0

Pre myelinated, post unmyelinated

Pre cell body in brain or spinal chord, post autonomic ganglion

Question 1

Motor neuron pathways in ANS, SNS 4 - myelin, neurotransmitters

Answer 1

SNS myelinated to muscle, ACh
ANS sympathetic preganglionic myelinated ACh, post unmyelinated NE glands, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and ACh to sweat glands.
ANS sympathetic pre adrenal medulla ACh, chromaffin cell releases NE, Epi
ANS parasympathetic pre myelin ACh, post unmyelin ACh glands, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle

Question 2

Source and other name of sympathetic, parasympathetic

Answer 2

Sympathetic - thoracolumbar, lateral gray horns of 12 thoracic segments and first 2-3 lumbar segments
Parasympathetic- cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X and lateral gray horn of sacral 2-4. Craniosacral.

Question 3

Sympathetic nerves, ganglion 8

Answer 3

Sympathetic trunk ganglion - both sides of vertebral column
Greater and lesser splanchnic nerve
Prevertebral: Celiac ganglion, aorticorenal, superior/inferior mesenteric, renal

Question 4

Ways to Connect to sympathetic postganglionic neurons 4

Answer 4

Synapse in first ganglion
Ascend or descend in trunk then connect
Continue through trunk and synapse at prevertebral ganglion
Continue thru trunk and prevertebral, synapse to chromaffin cell in adrenal medulla

Question 5

Autonomic plexuses 4

Answer 5

Tangled network of neurons
Celiac plexus - solar plexus - largest
Superior and inferior mesenteric plexuses
Hypogastric plexus

Question 6

Types of neurons by neurotransmitter released 2

Answer 6

Cholinergic - ACh - all ANS preganglionic, sympathetic post that innervate sweat glands, all parasympathetic post
Adrenergic - norepinephrine noradrenalin - sympathetic post

Question 7

ACh receptors 2

Answer 7

Nicotinic - sympathetic and para post, chromaffin, NMJ

Muscarinic - smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands

Question 8

NE receptors 5

Answer 8

Alpha 1 - excitation
Alpha 2 - inhibition
Beta 1 - excitation
Beta 2 - inhibition
Beta 3 - brown adipose, thermogenesis

Question 9

ANS comparison distribution

Answer 9

Sympathetic wide ranges of body skin, sweat glands, arrector pili, adipose, smooth muscle of blood vessel
Parasympathetic head, viscera of thorax/abdomen/pelvis, some blood vessels

Question 10

ANS comparison location of preganglionic cell bodies

Answer 10

Sympathetic lateral gray horns of T1-l2.

Parasympathetic cranial nerves 3,7,9,10 and lateral gray horns of S2-S4

Question 11

ANS comparison associated ganglia

Answer 11

Sympathetic- sympathetic trunk ganglia, Prevertebral ganglia

Parasympathetic terminal ganglia

Question 12

ANS comparison ganglia locations

Answer 12

Sympathetic close to CNS and distant from visceral effectors

Parasympathetic near or within walls of visceral effectors

Question 13

ANS comparison axon length and divergence

Answer 13

Sympathetic preganglionic neurons with short axons synapse with many postganglionic neurons with long axons that pass to many visceral effectors
Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons with long axons synapse with 4-5 postganglionic neurons with short axons to single visceral effector

Question 14

ANS comparison white and gray rami communicantes

Answer 14

Sympathetic both present; white contain myelinated preganglionic axons; gray contain unmyelinated postganglionic axons
Parasympathetic none.

Question 15

ANS comparison neurotransmitters

Answer 15

Sympathetic preganglionic ACh, excitatory, stimulates postganglionic. Most postganglionic NE. Sweat glands and some blood vessels ACh
Parasympathetic preganglionic ACh, excitatory, stimulates postganglionic. Postganglionic ACh.

Question 16

ANS comparison physiological effects

Answer 16

Sympathetic fight or flight

Parasympathetic rest and digest

Question 17

5 parts of autonomic reflex

Answer 17

Receptor
Sensory neuron
Integrating center
Motor neuron
Effector