Autonomic Nervous 15 Flashcards
Preganglionic and postganglionic 2 - myelin, cell body where
Pre myelinated, post unmyelinated
Pre cell body in brain or spinal chord, post autonomic ganglion
Motor neuron pathways in ANS, SNS 4 - myelin, neurotransmitters
SNS myelinated to muscle, ACh
ANS sympathetic preganglionic myelinated ACh, post unmyelinated NE glands, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and ACh to sweat glands.
ANS sympathetic pre adrenal medulla ACh, chromaffin cell releases NE, Epi
ANS parasympathetic pre myelin ACh, post unmyelin ACh glands, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle
Source and other name of sympathetic, parasympathetic
Sympathetic - thoracolumbar, lateral gray horns of 12 thoracic segments and first 2-3 lumbar segments
Parasympathetic- cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X and lateral gray horn of sacral 2-4. Craniosacral.
Sympathetic nerves, ganglion 8
Sympathetic trunk ganglion - both sides of vertebral column
Greater and lesser splanchnic nerve
Prevertebral: Celiac ganglion, aorticorenal, superior/inferior mesenteric, renal
Ways to Connect to sympathetic postganglionic neurons 4
Synapse in first ganglion
Ascend or descend in trunk then connect
Continue through trunk and synapse at prevertebral ganglion
Continue thru trunk and prevertebral, synapse to chromaffin cell in adrenal medulla
Autonomic plexuses 4
Tangled network of neurons
Celiac plexus - solar plexus - largest
Superior and inferior mesenteric plexuses
Hypogastric plexus
Types of neurons by neurotransmitter released 2
Cholinergic - ACh - all ANS preganglionic, sympathetic post that innervate sweat glands, all parasympathetic post
Adrenergic - norepinephrine noradrenalin - sympathetic post
ACh receptors 2
Nicotinic - sympathetic and para post, chromaffin, NMJ
Muscarinic - smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands
NE receptors 5
Alpha 1 - excitation Alpha 2 - inhibition Beta 1 - excitation Beta 2 - inhibition Beta 3 - brown adipose, thermogenesis
ANS comparison distribution
Sympathetic wide ranges of body skin, sweat glands, arrector pili, adipose, smooth muscle of blood vessel
Parasympathetic head, viscera of thorax/abdomen/pelvis, some blood vessels
ANS comparison location of preganglionic cell bodies
Sympathetic lateral gray horns of T1-l2.
Parasympathetic cranial nerves 3,7,9,10 and lateral gray horns of S2-S4
ANS comparison associated ganglia
Sympathetic- sympathetic trunk ganglia, Prevertebral ganglia
Parasympathetic terminal ganglia
ANS comparison ganglia locations
Sympathetic close to CNS and distant from visceral effectors
Parasympathetic near or within walls of visceral effectors
ANS comparison axon length and divergence
Sympathetic preganglionic neurons with short axons synapse with many postganglionic neurons with long axons that pass to many visceral effectors
Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons with long axons synapse with 4-5 postganglionic neurons with short axons to single visceral effector
ANS comparison white and gray rami communicantes
Sympathetic both present; white contain myelinated preganglionic axons; gray contain unmyelinated postganglionic axons
Parasympathetic none.