Nephrology

Question 1

Hyponatremia should be classified as what three things?

Answer 1

hypovolemia, hypervolemia, euvolemia

Question 2

What should be seen for hyponatremia?

two lab tests, one clinical item

Answer 2

Serum Osmolality
Volume Status
Look at urine sodium

Question 3

What are the AKI definitions?

Answer 3

Increased Creatinine by 0.3 in 48 hours
Creatinine increases 1.5 times versus baseline, in the previous 7 days

Question 4

Urine Volume less than 0.5 cc/mL/hour for six hours is what?

Answer 4

AKI

Question 5

What BP med can cause diarrhea problems or loss of protein in diarrhea?

Answer 5

Olmesartan

Question 6

What is the K cut off for Spironolactone?

Answer 6

5.5, look at BMP every 2 weeks

Question 7

What medication can be used 50mg BID for BP and Gout?

Answer 7

Losartan

Question 8

Patient has the following:
GI symptoms
Arthritis
Palpable Purpura
Hematuria, Proteinuria, and Elevated Creatitine

What is this? Think autoimmune

Answer 8

IgA vasculitius or Henoch Schonlein Purpura

Question 9

IgA nephropathy vs. PSGN, when does what show up?

Answer 9

PSGN is usually after 1 month
IgA Nephropathy is after 1 week

Question 10

Patient has a varicocele and asymptomatic. What routine screening should the patient have done?

Answer 10

Semen Analysis every 2 years

Question 11

SLE Lupus nephritis treatment:

What is the induction therapy?

What is the Maintenace therapy?

Answer 11

Cyclophosphamide

Mycophenolate Mofetil

Question 12

What disease has effacement of epithelial foot processes on EM?

Answer 12

Minimal Change Disease

Question 13

What kidney pathology will most likely have antibody to M-type phospholipase A2 receptor?

Answer 13

Membranous nephropathy

Question 14

Flank Pain, hematuria, AKI, what am I thinking about?

Answer 14

Renal Vein Thrombosis

Question 15

When a patient has CKD, anemia, and may need iron stores, what is the iron study results?

Answer 15

Transferrin Saturation less than 30%
Ferritin percentage less than 500