neoplasm 2 Flashcards
- Define communicable disease.
A transmissible (contagious) infectious disease
- All infectious diseases are communicable. TRUE/FALSE
False
- Define symbiosis.
The biological relationship between two different organisms
- Define mutualism.
Both host and microorganism benefit (bees and flowers)
- Define commensalism.
Microorganism benefit from the host, but without affecting it (bird and elephant)
- What type of lymphocyte responds to bacteria/fungi? Neutrophils
- What type of lymphocyte responds to bacteria/fungi? Neutrophils
- What are the four ways host tissue is damaged in infectious disease? Direct contact (cytotoxic effects, tissue invasion, toxin release, and host reaction
- What are the four ways host tissue is damaged in infectious disease? Direct contact (cytotoxic effects, tissue invasion, toxin release, and host reaction
- Name the 4 inherent and modifiable factors that influence susceptibility to disease.
General health, previous exposure, genetic determinants, behavioral
- What type of lymphocyte responds to viruses?
T-cells
- What type of lymphocyte responds to parasites?
Eosinophils
- What type of lymphocyte responds to bacteria/fungi?
Neutrophils
- What are the four ways host tissue is damaged in infectious disease?
Direct contact (cytotoxic effects, tissue invasion, toxin release, and host reaction
- The hosts immune system affects whether an infection stays localized or is disseminated. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
- What mechanisms have organisms developed to evade the immune system?
Antigenic variation, resistance to phagocytosis, and pathogenic adaptation to host
- Antibiotic resistance would be an example of which type of the above methods?
Pathogenic adaptation
- What are the causes of immunodeficiency?
Drugs (anti-rejection meds), chronic diseases (autoimmune), chronic infection (HIV), and malnutrition
- Tears, saliva, and mucus are an example of what type of barrier?
Secretions
- Dysbiosis is what type of symbiotic relationship and why?
Parasitic, gut bacteria cause illness
- A healthy state of gut flora (probiosis) is an example of what type of symbiotic relationship? Why?
Mutualism, normal microbial flora is protective against pathogenic organisms
- Disrupted barriers, sexual contact, and mother-to-child transmission, are examples of what type of transmission?
Direct contact
- Getting the influenza virus from a door knob would be an example of what type of transmission?
Indirect contact
- What is the door knob called in this example?
A fomite
- Needle stick injury is an example of what type of transmission?
Blood born
- Measles infection through cough or sneeze is an example of what type of transmission?
Airborne
- A person with no signs of an infection who transmits the disease to another person is known as what?
An asymptomatic carrier
- Contaminated food, water, or soil is a route of transmission for infectious disease. TRUE/FALSE?
TRUE
- Give examples of vector born transmission.
Mosquitos – malaria,
ticks – lymes disease
- Name the 5 F’s.
food, fomites, fingers, feces, and flies
- What type of cell is bacteria and what are that cells defining factors?
Prokaryotic cell which is smaller and absent of nucleus and other organelles
- What are the ways bacteria are identified?
Culture, DNA sequencing, and histopathology
- Name and describe the 3 means of bacterial pathogenesis.
Direct tissue invasion (infected finger), toxins (toxic shock), immune mediated response (antigenic mimicry, immune complex formation, and granuloma formation)
