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Part 1 Pathophysiology > Neoplasm > Flashcards

Neoplasm Flashcards

1
Q

Reed Sternberg cells

A

Hodgkins lymphoma

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2
Q

BRCA1

A

Tumor suppressor gene
Fanconi anaemia
Breast
Ovarian

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3
Q

Endometrial ca risks

A

Unnoposed oestrogen exposure
Late menopause
Early menarche
Nuliparity
Pcos
Tamoxifen

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4
Q

Oncogenic viruses

A

HTLV1
HPV
EBV
HBV
HCV

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5
Q

Cancers unlikely to metastasize

A

glioma, BCC

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6
Q

% metastasized at diagnosis

A

30% solid tumours

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7
Q

sarcoma vs carcinoma

A

sarcoma from mesenchymal cells
carcinoma from epithelial

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8
Q

incidence and deaths cancer

A

incidence: breast/ prostate > lung > colon
death: Lung > breast/ prostate > colon

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9
Q

arsenic assoc

A

lung, bladder and skin carcinoma

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10
Q

asbestos assoc

A

lung, mesothelioma, colon, oesophageal, gastric

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11
Q

benzene assoc

A

AML

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12
Q

occupational exposure assoc just lung

A

beryllium, chromium, radon

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13
Q

cadmium assoc

A

prostate ca
Lung and kidney damage
Obstructive lung diseass

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14
Q

nickel assoc

A

lung + oropharyngeal

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15
Q

vinyl assoc

A

hepatic angiosarcoma

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16
Q

lichen sclerosis assoc

A

vulval SCC

17
Q

sjorgen and hashimoto assoc

A

MALT lymphoma

18
Q

gastritis assoc

A

gastric adeno carcinoma and MALT lymphoma

19
Q

Warburg effect

A

caner cells change to aerobic glycolysis

20
Q

Oncogene

A

mutated or overexpressed protooncogene that functions autonomously e.g. HRAS or KRAS

21
Q

Cushings assoc

A

small cell lung cancer, panc, neural

22
Q

SIADH assoc

A

small cell lung Ca, intracranial

23
Q

hypercalcaemia assoc

A

squamous cell lung, breast, kidney, T cell

24
Q

polycythaemia assoc

A

renal, HCC, gastric, cerebellar

25
Q

bronchogenic cancer assoc paraneoplastic

A

myasthenia
dermatomyocitis
clubbing
trousseau hypercoagulability
hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy

26
Q

acanthosis nigrans assoc

A

uterine, gastric, lung

27
Q

grading vs staging

A

grading histological differentiation
staging imaging/ surgery - size and spread

28
Q

Tumour suppressor genes

A

RB - assoc retinoblastoma
p53

29
Q

CML gene

A

BCR-ABL

Part 1 Pathophysiology (15 decks)

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