Neoplasia Flashcards
Name three cellular threats
Trauma, burns (this can include chemical or thermal burns), ionizing radiation (which includes UVA and UVB rays)
What is decrease in cell size or number?
Atrophy
What is an increase and sell size in response to increased workload of the cell?
Hypertrophy
Describe hyperplasia
It is the increase of cell rate division and an increase in the number of cells in that tissue
Example: adipose tissue increase through hyperplasia of fat cells
What is the conversion of one type of cell into a different cell type called?
Metaplasia
Example is cigarette smoking causing normal columnar epithelium to turn into squamous epithelium
Describe dysplasia
Disorderly saw proliferation resulting in an abnormal sizes, shapes, and orientation of cells towards one another
What is the loss of cell differentiation?
Anaplasia, cells widely differ in size and shape
What is pleomorphism?
Different in size, shape and nuclear composition
Associated with anaplasia
What is new cellular growth due to abnormal reproduction of cell undergoing mitosis?
Neoplasm
Well differentiated, grow slowly, well defined capsule, non-invasive, low mitotic tonic index—Slow rate of cell division, does not metastasize rarely recur, ulcerate, or become necrotic.
Is this malignant or benign?
Benign also non-cancerous
Poorly differentiated, grows rapidly, not encapsulated, invasive, high mitotic index, frequently metastasizes, often reoccur, Ulcerate, or become necrotic.
Is this benign or malignant?
Malignant also cancerous
What suffix associates with benign tumors?
“Omas”
What is a lipoma?
Benign tumor originating from fat tissue
What is a glioma?
Benign tumor arising from glial cells in the CNS
What is a Leiomyoma?
Fibroids also small muscle tumor
What is a chondroma?
Benign tumors involving cartilage
What are the suffix used For malignant tumors?
Carcinomas
What is an osteosarcoma?
Malignant tumor arising from the bone cells
What is a chondrosarcoma?
A malignant tumor derived from cartilage cells
What is “in situ” referred to us?
Tumor is contained within the basement membrane.
When the tumor break through the basement membrane, the tumor is no longer in situ as it invaded surrounding tissue
What does carcinoma in situ referred to as?
There is malignant cells present but I have not broken through the basement membrane.
There is a lower risk of metastasis if the basement membrane has not been penetrated
What happens in interphase: G 0?
Performing specialize functions