Neoplasia Flashcards
List differences between a normal cell and a neoplastic cell
- Monoclonality (one cell is replicates! Usually come from one cell…)
- Autonomous proliferation… not responding to regular signals.
List properties associated with malignant tumors
- grow quickly
- Can Spread
- Kill the patient… by invasion or metastasis
- Loss of differentiation (cell specialization)
- Loss of organization
- Mutated cell cycle control genes (oncogenes and antiproliferative genes)
List Properties associated with Benign Tumors:
- Grow Slower
- Displace rather than destroy
- Stay in one place
- Don’t kill patient usually
Discuss cellular events in carcinogenesis, and in invasion and metastasis
- transformation of cells
- loss of adhesion
- digestion of extracellular matrix
- migration through extracellular matrix
- entry into blood/lymph circulation
- exit from blood/lymph circulation
- migration through extracellular matrix
- proliferation at secondary site
Carcinoma VS Sarcoma
Carcinoma means a malignant tumor of epithelial cells!
Sarcoma means malignant tumor of connective tissue cells
Tumor Grade
Measure of differentiation, need to look down microscope, low grade resembles parent tissue. Have to get from pathologist (high grade… can’t see diffferentiation of cells!)
Tumor Stage
measure of how advanced a malignant tumor is… multiple sources.. doesn’t have ot be a pathologist.
TNM Tumore Stage Components
- T: Primary tumor size and extent
- N: Secondary deposits, metastases, in lymph nodes
- M: Secondary deposits in distant organs.
Benign
grow slowly, displace rather than destroy, stay in one place, don’t kill the patient.. have to get creative… grows and compresses something in brain.
Malignant
Grow, spread, kill the patient
Metasisis
Go from one place to another.
Malignant Neoplasm
= Cancer!
