Neonatology

Question 1

Which cells produce surfactant?

Answer 1

Type 2 pneumocytes

Question 2

What things have been found to reduce risk of NEC?

Answer 2

Breast milk over formula feeds
Probiotics

Question 3

What is the most common organism that causes late onset sepsis in neonates?

Answer 3

Coagulase negative staph aureus
Tx: Flucloxacillin and gentamicin
EOS: Tx - Ampicillin and gentamicin (GBS)

Question 4

What does plus disease mean in regards to ROP?

Answer 4

Dilated and Tortuous vessels of the posterior pole blood vessels involving at least 2 quadrants

Question 5

Definition of Chronic neonatal lung disease?

Answer 5

Any infant with continued need for respiratory support (supplemental oxygen and/or assisted ventilation) at 36 weeks PMA

Question 6

Definition of BPD?

Answer 6

Infants <32 weeks who require supplemental oxygen for at least 28
days

Question 7

Stages of lung development?

Answer 7

Pseudoglandular stage (6-16 weeks)
Canalicular stage (17-26 weeks) - notes surfactant starts to be produced here.
Saccular stage (27-36 weeks)
Alveolar stage (36 weeks - 2 years)

Question 8

What is acrocephaly?

Answer 8

Premature closure of the sagittal, coronal and lambdoid sutures.
Seen in Crouzon or Apert syndromes