Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What is low Filaggrin in the skin indicative of?

A

Severe eczema
Also predisposed to asthma, rhinitis, food allergy

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2
Q

What steroid can you use on the face for eczema?

A

Hydrocortisone 1%

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3
Q

What is dupilumab and what is it used for?

A

Human monoclonal antibody against IL-4 and IL-13 targeting the Th2 pathway.
Used to treat eczema

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4
Q

What is upadacitinib and what is it used for?

A

Janus kinase inhibitor (JAK inhibitor)
Used in eczema

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5
Q

Why can you not use systemic steroids in psoriasis?

A

Risk of pustular flare on withdrawal which can be life threatening

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6
Q

Onset of a rash 1-6 weeks after initiation of an antibiotic
Eosinophilia, abnormal LFTS
Fever, malaise, pharyngitis, cervical
lymphadenopathy

A

DRESS

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7
Q

What is phytophotodermatosis?

A

Skin gets exposed to plants and then that area of skin gets exposed to the sun which then results in blistering and then followed by hyper pigmented area of skin

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8
Q

What is erythropoietic protoprophyria?

A

Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is an inherited cutaneous porphyria characterized by painful, nonblistering photosensitivity usually first noted in early childhood and occurring acutely after sunlight exposure but leaving little residual skin damage

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9
Q

What is congenital erythropoietic prophyria?

A

Painful blisters with scarring, hypertrichosis, red urine, stained teeth and anaemia

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10
Q

What is the inheritance pattern in incontinentia pigmenti?

A

X-linked dominant

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11
Q

What is the gene for incontinentia pigmenti?

A

IKBKG

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12
Q

What are the stages of incontinentia pigmenti?

A
  1. Vesicular stage
  2. Verrucous stage
  3. Hyperpigmented stage
  4. Atrophic stage
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13
Q

What other things are associated with incontinentia pigmenti?

A

Absent teeth
Eye abnormalities - strabismus, proliferative retinopathy
Neurological signs - seizures, intellectual impairment
Nail dystrophy
Alopecia

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14
Q

What is PHACES syndrome?

A

Posterior fossa brain abnormalities
Segmental Haemangioma of the head/neck
Arterial abnormalities
Coarctation of aorta
Eye abnormalities
Sternum abnormalities

Need MRA head and neck
ECHO and ophthalmology referral

Aspirin to reduce stroke risk and beta blockers

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15
Q

What do you see in Kasabach Meritte phenomenon?

A
  • Rapidly expanding vascular tumour
  • Consumptive coagulopathy
  • Thrombocytopaenia
  • Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia

Reported with:
* Kaposiform haemangioendotheliomas
* Tufted angiomas

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16
Q

Which genes in Sturge weber associated with?

A

GNAQ or GNA11

17
Q

What is the primary treatment for psoriasis?

A

Methotrexate
Phototherapy
Topical Calcitriol if <30% body involved

18
Q

What testing should you do in a child with extensive epidermal naevus?

A

Look for hypophosphataemic rickets

19
Q
A