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Microbiology > Neisseria and Moraxella catarrhalis > Flashcards

Neisseria and Moraxella catarrhalis Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Habitat of Neisseriaceae

A

Live on moist mucous membranes of man and other animals (oropharynx, genitourinary tract)

In ecological niches most do not produce disease

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2
Q

General growth requirements of the “pathogenic” species

A

Pathogenic species are fastidious

  • Warmth (37C)
  • Humidity
  • CO2 (5-10%)
  • Enriched media
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3
Q

General growth requirements of the

“non-pathogenic” species

A
  • will grow on most primary media

- usually do not require CO2 or/or 37C

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4
Q

Purpose of a “Candle Jar”

A

It replaces a CO2 incubator
A capnophilic environment where CO2 is increased and O2 is decreased
(NOT ANAEROBIC)

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5
Q

Atmospheric conditions of a “Candle Jar”

A

3% carbon dioxide environment for culture plates

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6
Q

What are the 3 TYPES of culture media used to identify Neisseria and Moraxella?

A
  • Non-enriched media
  • Enriched media
  • Selective, enriched media
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7
Q

What are the 3 selective, enriched media that contain antibiotics to inhibit normal flora in Neisseria and Moraxella?

A
  • Modified Thayer Martin (MTM) - Chocolate
  • Martin-Lewis (ML) - Chocolate
  • New York City Medium (NYC) - horse blood
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8
Q

Group II Neisseria species

A

“commensals” - often grow on selective media
N. lactamica
M. catarrhalis (v)
N. cinerea (v)

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9
Q

Group III Neisseria species

A 
"commensals" - No growth on selective 
N. mucosa
N. sicca
N. sublfava 
N. flavescens 
M. catarrhalis 
Others
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10
Q

Group I Neisseria species

A

“pathogenic” - growth on selective media
N. meningitidis
N. gonorrhoeae

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11
Q

______ and _______ require iron and compete with host by biding transferrin

A

Pathogenic Neisseria:

N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae

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12
Q

Why can’t you get gonorrhoeae from the lab?

A

N. gonorrhoeae have pili in virulent strains.

Pili are lost upon subculture!

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13
Q

Two types of Oxidase Tests

A

Filterpaper method

Plate Method

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14
Q

Laboratory Identification Tests of Neisseria and Moraxella (10)

***impossible to memorize!!

A
  • Probes
  • Oxidase Test
  • Catalase Test
  • Superoxol Test (30% H2O2)
  • Biochemicals
  • MALDI-TOF
  • FA, co-aggultination
  • Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAAT)
  • Enzymatic procedures
  • Growth requirements
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15
Q

ONPG tests detects what?
How long of a test?
Color for pos and neg?

A
  • Detects late lactose fermentation
  • (4 hour test)
  • Pos Yellow, Neg Clear
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16
Q

N. gonorrhoeae

- disease caused?

A

agent of gonorrhea (eye infections, septicemia, pharyngitis, arthritis)
- anogenital v.s. non-genital infections

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17
Q

N gonorrhoeae

- How diagnosis is made

A

First day you get “suspicious or presumptive tests then you have to run confirmatory tests

18
Q

First day “suspicious” or “presumptive” ways of identifying

N. gonorrhoeae (5)

A
  • small, creamy, moist, translucent-brownish colonies
  • Oxidase Positive
  • Gram negative diplococci
  • ONPG negative
  • Superoxol (30% H2O2) - strongly positive
19
Q

“Presumptive” positive plus confirmation of N. gonorrhoeae by one of the following…(5)

A
  • MALDI-TOF
  • Probe from colony
  • Fluorescent antibody
  • Rapid/CTA sugars (glucose only)
  • Enzymatic or Co-aggultination
20
Q

_______ confirming tests using different principles are required for isolates from patients less than 18 year old. Isolates must be ________.

A

Two and frozen

21
Q

N gonorrhoeae

-Proper specimen collection

A
  • dacron or rayon swabs are used (cotton or calcium alginate swabs inhibitory)
22
Q

N gonorrhoeae

- Lab methods for identification

A
  1. GNID Slide Test performed only on male genital cultures
    - GN diplococci must be see within cytoplasm of segs
  2. Target Amplification Nucleic Acid Test
23
Q

N. gonorrhoeae

- Proper transport

A
  • Amies Transport medium

- Jembec Plate and Transgrow Bottles

24
Q

May be normal respiratory flora (humans only)

A

Neisseria meningitidis

25
Q

N. meningitidis

- Diseases caused

A

Meningitis, Septicemia, DIC, Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

26
Q

N. meningitidis

- Patient populations at risk

A
  • Young adults are the most common age group.
    (army barracks, college dormitories, camps, etc)
  • Infants (not newborns) are also at risk
27
Q

True or False: GNC’s have to be intercellular

A

False: FNC’s do not need to be intracellular!

28
Q

Disease where there is a hemorrhage into adrenal glands, shock, then rapid death (12-24 hours)

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome

29
Q

N. meningitidis

- safety in lab

A

work with it under a safety cabinet because it is a biosafety Level 2!!!

30
Q

N. meningitidis

  • CSF on what type of culture
  • Oro on what nasopharyngeal specimens on what type of culture?
A

CSF: cultured on nonselective media ( chocolate)
ORO: cultured on selective and nonselective media

31
Q

First day “suspicious” or “presumptive” ways of identifying

N. meningitidis (5)

A
  • Sm, creamy, moist, translucent-brownish colonies
  • Oxidase Positive
  • Gram negative diplococci
  • ONPG negative
  • Catalase positive
32
Q

“Presumptive” positive plus confirmation of N. meningitidis by one of the following…(4)

A
  • MALDI-TOF
  • Probe
  • F.A.
  • Rapid/ CTA sugars (glucose, maltose positive)
33
Q

There is a vaccine for N. meningitidis recommended for military recruits, college students, micro lab workers, individuals with immune deficiencies, or travelers to endemic areas. NOT yet effective against _________.

A

Serogroup B

34
Q

Prophylactic treatment for at-risk individuals and for treatment of N. meningitidis index cases

A

Prophylaxis (Rifampin)

35
Q

Usually non- pathogenic, mostly recovered from nasopharyngel areas as usual flora, occasionally isolated from blood, CSF (pathogenic)

A

N. lactamica

36
Q

N. lactamica

  • positive for what carbohydrates?
  • ONPG test result
A
  • Glucose, maltose, lactose

- ONPG positive

37
Q

In N. lactamica, late lactose fermenters can be misidentified as ________ unless _________ is run

A

N. meningitidis

ONPG

38
Q

Moraxella catarrhalis

- colonial characteristics

A

Gray- white colonies, difficult to emulsify, “hockey-puck” colonies

39
Q

Part of normal human oropharyngeal flora, and common in children (ear, sinus infections)

A

Moraxella catarrhalis

40
Q

What can be misidentified as N. gonorrhoeae?

How do you tell them apart?

A
  • N. cinerae
  • Colistin susceptibility testing
    (N. cinerea = S and N. gonorrhoeae = R)
41
Q

N sicca and N. subflava

- colonial characteristics

A

yellow to greenish, often dry or wrinkled colonies

Microbiology (13 decks)

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