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Catalase Positive GPCs Flashcards

1
Q

Three genera of catalase positive GPCs

A
  1. Staphylococcus
  2. Micrococcus
  3. Rothia
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2
Q

Purpose of CNA

A

for specimen with normal flora

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3
Q

Purpose of Mannitol Salt Agar

A

For outbreaks

-Staphylococcus aureus is monnitol positive

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4
Q

Two types of Catalase Test

A

Slide catalase and Plate catalase

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5
Q

What happens during a Catalase Test?

A

H2O2 dissociates to H2 + O2

-positives will bubble

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6
Q

Coagulase test purpose

A

Major test to separate Staphylococci into 2 categories

  • Coagulase positive Staph
  • Coagulase negative Staph (CoNS/CNS)
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7
Q

What is coagulase?

A

Enzyme that creates a thrombin like substance, clots human or rabbit PLASMA

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8
Q

Oxidation-Fermentation (OF) Test principle

A

One oiled tube and one not
Fermenter: yellow in oiled tube
Oxidizer: yellow in ONLY unoiled tuber
Fermenter: yellow in both tubes

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9
Q

Novobiocin/Furazolidone Susceptibility Test

A

Determine susceptibility/resistance to
antibiotic
-Zone of inhibition is measured after 18-24 hours

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10
Q

Lysostaphin Test

A

Lysis Staphylococcus - tube will be clear as rather than turbine (no lysis)

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11
Q

Catalase Results for

  1. S. aureus
  2. S. epidermidis
  3. S. saprophyticus
  4. Micrococcus
A
  1. +
  2. +
  4. +
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12
Q

Fermenter or Oxidizer?

  1. S. aureus
  2. S. epidermidis
  3. S. saprophyticus
  4. Micrococcus
A
  1. F
  2. F
  3. F
  4. O
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13
Q

Susceptibility or Resistance to Furazolidone

  1. S. aureus
  2. S. epidermidis
  3. S. saprophyticus
  4. Micrococcus
A
  1. S
  2. S
  3. S
  4. R
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14
Q

Susceptibility or Resistance to Novobiosin

  1. S. aureus
  2. S. epidermidis
  3. S. saprophyticus
  4. Micrococcus
A
  1. S
  2. S
  3. R
  4. Not Done
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15
Q

Coagulase Test Result

  1. S. aureus
  2. S. epidermidis
  3. S. saprophyticus
  4. Mirococcus
A
  1. +
  2. -
  3. -
  4. -
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16
Q

SLIDE Coagulase

-Other names?

A

Clumping factor or bound coagulase

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17
Q

TUBE Coagulase

-Other names?

A

Staphycoagulase or free coagulase

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18
Q

Micrococcus

-common colonial characteristics

A

yellow/orange or “sticky”

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19
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

-common colonial characteristics

A

large, opaque, may be “golden”, usually Beta Hemolytic

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20
Q

Coagulase negative Staph

-common colonial characteristics

A

large, opaque, usually white, usually alpha or gamma hemolytic

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21
Q

Name the MAIN Staph. aureus infections

A 
Skin infection 
Wound infection 
Food Poising 
Scalded Skin Syndrome 
Toxic Shock Syndrome
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22
Q

Name the Coag neg Staph infections

A

Subacute Endocarditis

Catheter/Shunt Infections

23
Q

Name the S. saphrophyticus infection

A

Primarily Urinary Tract Infections

24
Q

Food poisoning

  • Infections and intoxications
    - timing of symptoms
    - stool sample needed?
A

Infections: 2 to 3 days for symptoms to show and yes stool sample needed

Intoxications: 2-8 hours for symptoms to show and no a stool would not be helpful

25
List important patient symptoms/conditions that define Toxic Shock Syndrome
Fever Rash Desquamation Shock (Hypotension)
26
List S. aureus' virulence factors
- Protein A - Catalase - Coagulase - Hyaluronidase - DNase - Other: capsules, enterotoxins, exotoxins, beta-lactamases
27
Protein A
#1 cause of s. aureus virulence Binds to Fc portion of IgG Interferes with phagocytosis
28
Staph. aureus food poisoning toxin is what type of toxin?
Enterotoxin which is a Exotoxin
29
Staph. aureus' scalded skin syndrome toxin is what type of toxin?
Exotoxin (exfoliatin)
30
S. aureus Toxic Shock Syndrome is produced by what?
TSST-1 | Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin
31
Define MSSA
Methicillin Susceptible Staph. aureus
32
Define MRSA
Methicillin Resistant Staph. aureus
33
Define VISA
Vancomycin Intermediate Staph. aureus
34
Define VRSA
Vancomycin Resistant Staph. aureus
35
Hospital acquired MRSA v.s Community acquired MRSA
HA-MRSA: highly resistant, requires isolation of patients | CA-MRSA: not as highly resistance, usually skin infections in otherwise healthy people
36
Screening patients for MRSA
- Oxacillin (or Vancomycin) screening plates | - PCR test for MecA gene (nasal swab)
37
Screening colonies for MRSA
- FDA approved automated methods (VITEK-II) | - Cefoxitin disk test - predicts Oxacillin resistance
38
How do they detect staph carriers in hospital setting? | How do we protect from it?
- Because it colonizes on hospital staff do nasal screens | - HANDWASHING
39
Staphylococcus lugdunensis - How is it confused with s. aureus - How can they be differentiated
- may have a positive slide coagulase test, may be beta hemolytic - it will be positive on the slide coagulase test so run the tube coagulase and it will be negative!
40
Where is Staphylococcus saprophytic us most often found
Mostly unitary tract infections in sexually active, young females
41
Rothia mucilaginosa - made of? - infection? - what does it look like?
- Normal oral flora - Endocarditis and septicemia (esp. drug users and patients with malignancies - colonies often "sticky"
42
Urinary Tract Infections
S. saprophyticus
43
Dog Bites
S. intermedius
44
Septicemia in drug users
Rothia mucilaginosa
45
subacute endocarditis
Coagulase negative staphylococci CoNS
46
acute endocarditis
S. aureus
47
Toxic Shock
S. aureus
48
scalded skin
S. aureus
49
food poisoning
S. aureus
50
Impetigo
S. aureus
51
Celluitis
S. aureus
52
Carbuncles/Furuncle
S. aureus
53
Endocarditis
Rothia mucilaginosa

Microbiology (13 decks)

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