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Vertebrate Anatomy > Necturus Lab > Flashcards

Necturus Lab Flashcards

1
Q

to what superclass does necturus belong

A

tetrapoda

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2
Q

to what order does necturus belong

A

urodela

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3
Q

what is the species name for necturus

A

maculosus

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4
Q

what is the optimal temperature for necterus

A

18 C

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5
Q

where is necturus found most commonly

A

in streams having a stony bed

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6
Q

necterus has neoteny, what does this mean

A

does not undergo metamorphosis, retains larval characteristics in adult

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7
Q

what is necterus integument made of

A

epidermis and dermis (no scales)

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8
Q

what is the epidermis made of

A

stratum basalis

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9
Q

what is stratum basalis

A

layer of low columnar cells with several layers of increasing numbers of polyhedral cells and flattened cells near surface

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10
Q

what is characteristic of the epidermis

A

numerous flask shaped cells that seem to be glandular in nature (responsible for slime production)

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11
Q

what are chromatophores

A

pigment cells (usually green)

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12
Q

what is the dermis composed of

A

outer looser stratum spongiosium and inner compact stratum compactium

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13
Q

where are the poison glands

A

dorsal surface of body

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14
Q

how many external gills are there

A

3 on each side of body

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15
Q

what do gill slits communicate with

A

pharynx

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16
Q

what is the gular fold

A

dividing line between head and trunk

17
Q

what is the cloacal aperture

A

excretory organ

18
Q

what is the ventricle

A

large thick walled posterior chamber of the heart

19
Q

what are the atria

A

pair of bulbous sacs in top half of the heart

20
Q

what are atrioventricular valves

A

between atria and ventricle

21
Q

what is the conus arteriosus

A

vessel extending anteriorily from ventricle

22
Q

what are semilunar valves

A

located at junction of conus and ventricle

23
Q

what is the bulbus arteriosus

A

continuation of conus arteriosus, branches to give blood to gills

24
Q

what is the sinus venosus

A

recieves blood from all parts of body except lungs, from this chamber to sinoartia valve

25
Q

what is the sinoartial valve

A

blood from sinus venosus passes through here into the right atrium

26
Q

what are differences in the mudpuppy circulatory system (4)

A

addition of pulmonary circulation and 3 chambered heart, absence of first and second aortic arches, development of postcaval vein, presence of cutaneous vessels

27
Q

what is the function of postcaval vein

A

principal vessel draining body

28
Q

what is the function of cutaneous vessel

A

supplement lung and gills

29
Q

what is the arterial system composed of

A

two aortae and their branches

30
Q

what are the aferent brachial arteries

A

arteries going into the gills

Vertebrate Anatomy (10 decks)

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