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Vertebrate Anatomy > Muscles of the thigh/muscles of the hip > Flashcards

Muscles of the thigh/muscles of the hip Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two basic muscles of the hip

A

gluteal complex, deeper pelvic muscle

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2
Q

what do the muscles of the hip do

A

act on hip joint to move thigh

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3
Q

what is the tensor fascia latae

A

thin sheet of muscle on craniolateral surface of hip

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4
Q

what muscle is on the ventral border of the ilium

A

tensor latae

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5
Q

the tensor fascia latae turn into what muscle

A

iliotibial band of the fascia lata

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6
Q

what is the function of the tensor fascia latae

A

contraction tightens fascia lata and helps flex, rotate, and abduct the leg

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7
Q

what shape is the gluteus maximus

A

triangular

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8
Q

where is the gluteus maximus found

A

medial region of the pelvis

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9
Q

where does the gluteus maximus arise from

A

sacral fascia and ventral border of ilium

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10
Q

where does the gluteus maximus insert

A

head of femur

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11
Q

what does contraction of the gluteus maximus do

A

abducts the thigh

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12
Q

where is the gluteus medius located

A

craniolaterally and partially deep to gluteus maximus

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13
Q

what is the point of insertion for the gluteus medius

A

greater trochanter

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14
Q

where does the gluteus medius arise from

A

iliac crest

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15
Q

what is the function of the gluteus medius

A

abduct thigh

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16
Q

which butt muscle is bigger in humans yet smaller in rabbits

A

medius is larger in most quadropeds but maximus is bigger in humans (so we can walk on two legs)

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17
Q

where is the piriformis

A

deep to caudal portion of gluteus medius

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18
Q

where does piriformis arise from

A

sacral vertebrae 2 and 3

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19
Q

where does piriformis insert

A

at greater trochanter

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20
Q

what is the function of the piriformis

A

contraction abducts the thigh

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21
Q

where is the gluteus minimus

A

deep to the piriformis and gluteus medius

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22
Q

where does the gluteus minimus arise from

A

lateral surface of ileum

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23
Q

where does the gluteus minimus insert

A

greater trochanter

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24
Q

what is the function of the gluteus minimus

A

rotates and abducts thigh

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25
Q

where does the gemellus cranialis insert

A

at the greater trochanter

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26
Q

what is the function of the gemellus cranialis

A

rotate and abduct thigh

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27
Q

what muscle has a very close association with the gemellus cranialis

A

gluteus minimus

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28
Q

where is the obturator internus located

A

caudal to gemellus cranialis

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29
Q

where does the obturator internus arise from

A

internal to obturator foramen

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30
Q

where does the obturator internus insert

A

trochanteric fossa

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31
Q

what is the function of the obturator internus

A

abducts thigh and rotates it laterally

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32
Q

where is the quadrate femoralis located

A

caudal to obturator inernus

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33
Q

where does quadratus femoris arise from

A

ischial tuberosity

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34
Q

where does quadratus femoralis insert

A

trochanteric fossa

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35
Q

what is the function of quadratus femoralis

A

contraction extends leg and flexes thigh

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36
Q

what shape is the obturator externus

A

triangular

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37
Q

where is the obturator externus located

A

caudal and slightly deep to quadratus femoralis

38
Q

where does obturator externus arise from

A

external border of obturator foramen

39
Q

where does obturator externus insert

A

at trochanteric fossa

40
Q

what is the function of the obturator externus

A

contraction rotates thigh laterally

41
Q

what muscle is a complex of two muscles

A

iliopsoas

42
Q

what is the point of insertion for the iliopsoas

A

lesser trochanter of femur

43
Q

where does the iliopsoas extend into

A

cranially into dorsal abdominal wall

44
Q

what are the two muscles of the iliopsoas

A

psoas major and the iliacus

45
Q

where does the psoas minor arise from

A

lumbar vertebrea 6 and 7

46
Q

where does the psoas minor insert

A

lateral edge of the obturator foramen

47
Q

what is the function of the psoas minor

A

its contraction flexes the back

48
Q

what do the muscles of the thigh provide movement to

A

femur at hip joint and foreleg at knee joint

49
Q

why are thigh muscles the thickest muscles in the rabbit

A

provide ability to leap and run

50
Q

where does the biceps femoralis arise from

A

cranial from neural spines of sacral vertebrae, caudal from ischial tuberosity

51
Q

where does biceps femoralis insert

A

by aponeurosis on patella and shaft of tibia

52
Q

what does contraction of biceps femoralis do

A

abducts thigh and flexes shank

53
Q

where is the semimembranosus

A

medial to biceps femoralis

54
Q

what is the function of the semimembranous

A

flex shank and extend thigh

55
Q

what are the two parts to the semimembranous

A

semimembranous proprius, semimembranous accessorius

56
Q

which portion of the semimembranous is the proprius

A

superficial portion

57
Q

where does proprius of semimembranous arise from

A

ischial tuberosity

58
Q

where does proprius of semimembranous insert

A

medial condyle of femur

59
Q

which portion of the semimembranous is the accessorius

A

deeper portion

60
Q

where does the accessorius of the semimembranous arise from

A

ischial tuberosity

61
Q

where does the accessorius of the semimembranous insert

A

medial condyle of the tibia

62
Q

where does the semitendinosus arise from

A

ischial tuberosity

63
Q

where does semitendinosus insert

A

medial condyle of the tibia

64
Q

what is the function of the semitendinosus

A

contraction flexes knee joint

65
Q

what kind of muscle is the quadriceps femoralis

A

extensor muscle

66
Q

what are the 4 mucles that make up the quadriceps femoralis

A

rectus femoralis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis

67
Q

where do the quadriceps femoralis insert

A

tibial tendon

68
Q

where does the rectus femoralis arise from

A

cranial ischial spine, deep portion from ilium

69
Q

where does the vastus lateralis arise from

A

greater trochanter of femur

70
Q

where does the vastus medialis arise from

A

neck and proximal end of the femur

71
Q

where does the vastus intermedius arise from

A

greater trochanter and ventral surface of the femur

72
Q

where is the sartorius

A

narrow band of muscle on ventral thigh region

73
Q

where does the sartorius arise from

A

below external oblique muscle of caudal abdomen at inguinal ligament

74
Q

where does the sartorius insert

A

medial condyle of tibia

75
Q

what is the function of the sartorius

A

contraction adducts and rotates thigh and extends shank

76
Q

where is the gracilis

A

medially on ventral thigh

77
Q

where does the gracilis arise from

A

pubic symphysis

78
Q

what is the function of the gracilis

A

contraction adducts the shank

79
Q

what shape is the pectineus

A

triangular

80
Q

where does pectineus arise from

A

pubic arch

81
Q

where does the pectineus insert

A

dorsal surface of femur distal to lesser trochanter

82
Q

what is the function of the pectinis

A

contraction adducts the thigh

83
Q

where does the adductor brevis arise from

A

pubic symphysis

84
Q

where does adductor brevis insert

A

on linea aspera of femur

85
Q

what is the function of the adductor brevis

A

contraction adducts the thigh

86
Q

where does the adductor longus arise from

A

pubic symphysis and ventral portion of the ischium

87
Q

where dos the adductor longus insert

A

on the femur below the point of insertion of the adductor brevis

88
Q

what is the function of the adductor longus

A

its contraction adducts the thigh

89
Q

where is the adductor magnus located

A

ventral to underlying semitendinosus

90
Q

where does adductor magnus arise from

A

ischial tuberosity

91
Q

where does adductor magnus insert

A

femur and medial condyle of the tibia

92
Q

what is the function of the adductor magnus

A

contraction adducts the thigh

Vertebrate Anatomy (10 decks)

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