Neck (anterior)

Question 1

6 main bony/cartilaginous components in anterior neck which serve as attachment point for most of the soft structures. (also give their vertebral position)

Answer 1

Mandible-C2 (lower jaw), Hyoid bone-C3, Thyroid cartilage-C4 (notch aka Adam’s apple), Cricoid cartilage-C6, Manubrium-T1 (jugular notch), Transverse foramen of cervical vertebrate- C1-7

Question 2

The 4 triangles of the neck

Answer 2

Posterior, Anterior (top of throat, down to sternum), Submandibular (under the lower jaw), Carotid (where carotid pulse is)

Question 3

The deep fascias of the neck

Answer 3

Enveloping Fascia (surrounds sternocleidomastoid, trapezius), Facia of Infrahyoids, Carotid Sheath (surrounds common carotid artery, internal collateral, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve), Pretracheal Fascia (surrounds trachea, thyroid, esophagus), Prevertebral Fascia (anterior/posterior scalenes, back muscles, prevertebral muscles)

Question 4

Explain the presence of the retropharyngeal space

Answer 4

Due to the neck being compartmentalized into tubes by deep fascia, there is a space between the pretracheal fascia and the prevertebral fascia, that one could actually run his or her hand through.

Question 5

The functional groups of the neck muscles

Answer 5

Infrahyoid muscles, suprahyoid muscles, Back muscles, Scalenes, Pre-veterbral and Sternomastoid

Question 6

Infrahyoid Muscles

Answer 6

Omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohoid (C1-3, ansa cervicales)

Question 7

Suprahyoid Muscles

Answer 7

Digastric (V, VII), mylohyoid (V), geniohyoid (C1), stylohyoid (VII), hyoglossus (XII)

Question 8

When you think “Omo” think…?

Answer 8

Clavicle (Omohyoid extends from clavicle to hyoid bone)

Question 9

Neck muscles directly under the jaw

Answer 9

GENOHYOID muscle (runs medially from the center of the jaw to the hyoid), DIGASTRIC muscle (anterior [center of jaw to hyoid] and posterior [hyoid to mastoid process] bellies), STYLOHYOID muscle (runs from styloid process to hyoid bone, splits digastric), and MYLOHYOID muscle (largest, runs from mandible to hyloid)

Question 10

Cervical plexus motor distribution

Answer 10

Ansa cervicalis, Phrenic nerve

Question 11

List the nerve supply to the neck

Answer 11

Facial nerve (CN VII), Vagus (CN X), Spinal accessory (CN XI), Hypoglossal (CN XII)

Question 12

Branches of the facial nerve

Answer 12

Ten Zebras Bought My Car (Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular, Cervical)

Question 13

Blood supply to the neck

Answer 13

Subclavian artery branches, SALFORMS

Question 14

Subclavian artery branches in neck

Answer 14

Thyrocervical trunk, Costocervical trunk, Vertebral artery, Internal thoracic artery

Question 15

SALFORMS

Answer 15

Blood Supply to the Neck (not including subclavian artery branches)

Superior Thyroid Artery, Ascending Pharyngeal, Lingual, Facial, Occipital, Posterior auRricular, Maxillary, Superficial temporal