Joints

Question 1

Glenohumeral Joint

Answer 1

Shoulder joint (ball and socket). Most easily dislocated.

Composed of coracohumeral ligament, transverse humeral ligament, and glenohumeral ligament which keep all function to keep humerus in glenoid cavity. GLenoid labrum is a fibrocartilaginous ligament which surrounds the cavity and deepens the socket. Bursae allow for greater ease of movement.

Question 2

Acromioclavicular joint (AC)

Answer 2

Allows for gliding movement as arm is raised and scapula rotates.

Composed of Acromioclavicular ligament and coracoclavicular ligaments (conoid and trapezoid)

Question 3

Key point about rotator cuff muscles and the flexibility of the shoulder joint

Answer 3

The SITS muscles help stabilize this joint without inhibiting the extensive range at the shoulder

Question 4

What are the 2 joints that make up the elbow joint?

Answer 4

Humero-ulnar joint; Proximal Radio-ulnar joint

Question 5

Humero-ulnar joint

Answer 5

1 of 2 joints in the elbow. Permits flexion and extension. Made up of Ulnar collateral and Radial collateral ligaments (connect ulnar to humerus and radius to humerus)

Question 6

Proximal Radio-ulnar joint

Answer 6

1 of 2 joints in the elbow. Made up of annular ligament which surrounds the radial heal and radial notch of ulna, and keeps the head of the radius in the notch. Permits pronation and supination.

Question 7

Interosseous Membrane

Answer 7

Fibrous joint (syndesmosis) uniting the radius and ulna. Divides forearm into anterior and posterior compartments. Serves as site of muscle attachments for both anterior(FDP, FPL) and posterior compartment(AbPL, EPL, EPB, EI) muscles

Question 8

What are the 4 joints that make up the Wrist joint

Answer 8

Distal Radio-ulnar Joint, Radiocarpal Joint, Ulnar-carpal Joint, and Intercarpal Joints

Question 9

Distal Radio-Ulnar Joint

Answer 9

1 of 4 joints within wrist joint. Extends from ulnar head around ulnar notch of radius and allows for pronation and supination. Has Palmar and Dorsal radioulnar ligaments which extend transversely between radius and ulna. ARTICULAR DISC binds bones together.

Question 10

Radiocarpal Joint

Answer 10

1 of 4 joints within wrist joint. Provides minimal support but permits full movement of wrist in all directions. 3 main ligaments:

Palmar radiocarpal (volar)= strong and stabilizing
Dorsal radiocarpal ligament= weak ligament
Radial collateral ligament= helps stabilize proximal row of carpals

Question 11

Ulnar-carpal Joint

Answer 11

1 of 4 joints within wrist joint. Composed of Ulnocarpal ligament, Ulnar collateral ligament (helps stabilize proximal row of carpals), and Articular discs (covers distal end of ulna)

Question 12

Intercarpal Joints

Answer 12

1 of 4 joints within wrist joint. Permits gliding and sliding movements. Bones are joined by anterior, posterior and interosseous ligaments.

Question 13

What are the 4 joints that make up the finger joints. What do they do?

Answer 13

Carpometacarpal Joints (allows gliding movements for every finger but thumb), Trapeziometacarpal (aka Thumb or TMC. Allows for full range of movement including opposability), Metacarpophalangeal Joints (allows for full range of movement for individual fingers). Interphalangeal Joints (allow flexion and extension ONLY!!! Collaterals and palmar ligaments prevent side-to-side movements and hyperextension).