Neck

Question 1

Carotid sheath

Answer 1

Layer of fascia that surrounds the common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve
A left and right one

Question 2

Mastoid process

Answer 2

Bony prominence behind your ear

Question 3

Hyoid bone

Answer 3

Right below your mandible

No bony attachments, just suspended by muscles

Question 4

Thyroid cartilage

Answer 4

Over your thyroid

The laryngeal prominence makes the adams apple

Question 5

Platysma muscle

Answer 5

Thin muscular sheath
Most superficial muscle in the neck
“Shaving” muscle - tightens the skin on your neck
Attaches from the clavicle to the mandible

Question 6

Borders of the
1. Anterior
2. Posterior
triangles in the neck

Answer 6

1. sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), mandible, and anterior midline of the neck
2. SCM, clavicle, and trapezius (anterior fibers)

Question 7

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 7

From mastoid process to the sternum and clavicle

2 heads at the bottom (one to clavicle, other to sternum)

Question 8

Anterior triangle contains… (4)

Answer 8

Common carotid artery (blood supply to head and neck)
Internal jugular vein (drains head and neck)
Vagus nerve
Strap muscles of the neck

Question 9

Common carotid arteries come from….

Answer 9

Left: from arch of aorta
Right: from the brachiocephalic artery

Question 10

Carotid arteries split into…

Answer 10

External and internal carotid arteries
Internal enters skull, supplies brain
External supplies most of head and neck

Question 11

3 main branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 11

Superior thyroid artery
Lingual artery
Facial artery

Question 12

Posterior triangle of the neck contains… (4)

Answer 12

Scalene muscles (anterior, middle, and posterior)
Roots of the branchial plexus
Phrenic nerve (sits on anterior surface of the anterior scalene muscle)
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

Question 13

Phrenic nerve comes from which C nerves?

Answer 13

C3,4,5

Question 14

Spinal accessory nerve innervates…

Answer 14

SCM and trapezius

Question 15

Scalene triangle

Answer 15

Made of anterior and middle scalene muscles, plus 1st rib
Brachial plexus and subclavian artery run through it
Subclavian vein is NOT in the triangle

Question 16

Neurovascular bundle contains…

Answer 16

Internal jugular vein
Common carotid artery
Vagus nerve (between the two)

Question 17

Ansa cervicalis

Answer 17

A nerve loop that sits anteriorly on the internal jugular vein
Branches innervate the strap muscles
Spinal cord origin is C1, C2, C3

Question 18

4 infrahyoid muscles (strap muscles)

Answer 18

Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid

Question 19

Brachial plexus comes from what spinal nerves?

Answer 19

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

Question 20

2 suprahyoid muscles

Answer 20

Digastric

Mylohyoid

Question 21

Thyroid gland

Answer 21

2 lateral lobes connected by an isthmus
Sits below the thyroid cartilage
Produces thyroid hormones essential for metabolic processes that regulate growth and development

Question 22

Superior thyroid artery is a branch of _____

Inferior thyroid artery is a branch of _____

Answer 22

External carotid artery

The thyrocervical trunk (from subclavian artery)

Question 23

3 major branches of the subclavian artery

Answer 23

Internal thoracic artery (either side of sternum to intercostals)
Vertebral artery (through foramen transversarium)
Thyrocervical trunk (gives rise to inferior thyroid artery)

Question 24

Recurrent laryngeal nerves

Answer 24

Left and right ones
Lie immediately posterior to the thyroid gland
Innervate the vocal cords