Neck Flashcards
Carotid sheath
Layer of fascia that surrounds the common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve
A left and right one
Mastoid process
Bony prominence behind your ear
Hyoid bone
Right below your mandible
No bony attachments, just suspended by muscles
Thyroid cartilage
Over your thyroid
The laryngeal prominence makes the adams apple
Platysma muscle
Thin muscular sheath
Most superficial muscle in the neck
“Shaving” muscle - tightens the skin on your neck
Attaches from the clavicle to the mandible
Borders of the
1. Anterior
2. Posterior
triangles in the neck
- sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), mandible, and anterior midline of the neck
- SCM, clavicle, and trapezius (anterior fibers)
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
From mastoid process to the sternum and clavicle
2 heads at the bottom (one to clavicle, other to sternum)
Anterior triangle contains… (4)
Common carotid artery (blood supply to head and neck)
Internal jugular vein (drains head and neck)
Vagus nerve
Strap muscles of the neck
Common carotid arteries come from….
Left: from arch of aorta
Right: from the brachiocephalic artery
Carotid arteries split into…
External and internal carotid arteries
Internal enters skull, supplies brain
External supplies most of head and neck
3 main branches of the external carotid artery
Superior thyroid artery
Lingual artery
Facial artery
Posterior triangle of the neck contains… (4)
Scalene muscles (anterior, middle, and posterior)
Roots of the branchial plexus
Phrenic nerve (sits on anterior surface of the anterior scalene muscle)
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
Phrenic nerve comes from which C nerves?
C3,4,5
Spinal accessory nerve innervates…
SCM and trapezius
Scalene triangle
Made of anterior and middle scalene muscles, plus 1st rib
Brachial plexus and subclavian artery run through it
Subclavian vein is NOT in the triangle
Neurovascular bundle contains…
Internal jugular vein
Common carotid artery
Vagus nerve (between the two)
Ansa cervicalis
A nerve loop that sits anteriorly on the internal jugular vein
Branches innervate the strap muscles
Spinal cord origin is C1, C2, C3
4 infrahyoid muscles (strap muscles)
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid
Brachial plexus comes from what spinal nerves?
C5, C6, C7, C8, T1
2 suprahyoid muscles
Digastric
Mylohyoid
Thyroid gland
2 lateral lobes connected by an isthmus
Sits below the thyroid cartilage
Produces thyroid hormones essential for metabolic processes that regulate growth and development
Superior thyroid artery is a branch of _____
Inferior thyroid artery is a branch of _____
External carotid artery
The thyrocervical trunk (from subclavian artery)
3 major branches of the subclavian artery
Internal thoracic artery (either side of sternum to intercostals) Vertebral artery (through foramen transversarium) Thyrocervical trunk (gives rise to inferior thyroid artery)
Recurrent laryngeal nerves
Left and right ones
Lie immediately posterior to the thyroid gland
Innervate the vocal cords
