Heart

Question 1

Mediastinum

Answer 1

Midline visceral space in the thorax
Between the thoracic inlet, the diaphragm, the sternum, and the bodies of T1-T12
includes mediastinal pleura

Question 2

Thoracic inlet

Answer 2

Bounded by T1 verebra, 1st pair of ribs, and manubrium

Question 3

Subdivisions of the mediastinum

Answer 3

A line drawn between the sternal angle and the inferior edge of T4 separates the superior and inferior mediastinum

Question 4

Contents of the superior mediastinum

Answer 4

Thymus
Superior vena cava
Brachiocephalic veins and artery
Arch of aorta
Left common carotid and left subclavian artery
Trachea and primary bronchi
Esophagus
Vagus and phrenic nerve
Azygos vein

Question 5

Azygos vein

Answer 5

Drain the intercostals

Question 6

Superior vena cava is formed from…

Answer 6

The left and right brachiocephalic veins

Left one is longer because it has to cross over to the right side of the heart

Question 7

Order of the branches of the aorta

Answer 7

Brachiocephalic (then into right common carotid and right subclavian)
Left common carotid
Left subclavian

Question 8

3 parts of the inferior mediastinum

Answer 8

Anterior
Middle
Posterior

Question 9

Contents of the anterior mediastinum

Answer 9

Part of the thymus

Some lymph nodes

Question 10

Anterior mediastinum

Answer 10

Posterior to the sternum and anterior to the heart

Question 11

Contents of the middle mediastinum

Answer 11

Pericardial sac
Heart
Part of the superior vena cava and ascending aorta
Pulmonary trunk and left and right pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins
Phrenic nerves
Lymph nodes

Question 12

Posterior mediastinum

Answer 12

Located posterior to the heart and anterior to the bodies of T5 to T12

Question 13

Contents of the posterior mediastinum

Answer 13

Descending aorta
Esophagus
Vagal plexus
Azygos venous system
Thoracic duct
Sympathetic chain
Lymph nodes

Question 14

Coronary sinus

Answer 14

Vein that collected blood from the heart itself and enters into the right atrium
Lies in the groove between the left atrium and ventricle

Question 15

4 valves of the heart

Answer 15

Tricuspid (between right atrium and ventricle)
Bicuspid (between left atrium and ventricle)
Aortic (between left ventricle and aorta)
Pulmonary (between right ventricle and pulmonary arteries)
Last 2 are semilunar valves

Question 16

Which two valves have chordae tendinae?

Answer 16

Tricuspid and bicuspid

Question 17

Where do the coronary arteries lies?

Answer 17

Right coronary artery: lies in the sulcus between the right atrium and ventricle
Left: splits rapidly - between the right and left ventricles

Question 18

Where does the
1. Parasympathetic
2. Sympathetic
NS come from in the heart?

Answer 18

1. Vagus nerve (cranial nerve)

2. Sympathetic chains

Question 19

Fossa ovalis

Answer 19

The oval impression in the wall between the right and left atria
Open in the fetal heart