Knee Joint

Question 1

Knee joint is between…

Answer 1

Condyles of the femur and tibia
Posterior surface of the patella and the patellar surface of the femur
Fibula is NOT involved in the knee joint

Question 2

Movements at the knee

Answer 2

Flexion
Extension
Rotation

Question 3

What is the primary lateral rotator of the flexed knee?

Answer 3

Biceps femoris

Question 4

4 primary medial rotators of the flexed knee

Answer 4

Semimembranosus
Semiteninosus
Gracilis
Sartorius

Question 5

Bursae

Answer 5

Small fluid filled sacs lined by synovial membranes
Provides a cushion between bones, tendons, and muscles around a joint
Reduces friction

Question 6

Stability of the knee is provided by… (5)

Answer 6

Ligaments (mainly)
Menisci
Muscles (and their tendons)
Shape of the bones
IT bands

Question 7

Lateral collateral ligament

Answer 7

From femur to fibula
Not attached to the lateral meniscus
Cord like and narrow

Question 8

Medial collateral ligament

Answer 8

From femur to tibia
Attached to the medial meniscus
Stronger than lateral
Most commonly injured

Question 9

Menisci

Answer 9

Fibrocartilanginous structures

Shock absorbers

Question 10

Medial vs Lateral menisci shapes

Answer 10

Medial: C shaped
Lateral: O shaped

Question 11

2 internal ligaments of the knee

Answer 11

Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

Question 12

ACL

Answer 12

Anterior cruciate ligament
From the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial surface of the lateral femoral condyle
Prevents anterior dislocation of tibia on femur

Question 13

PCL

Answer 13

Posterior cruciate ligament
From the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the lateral surface of the medial femoral condyle
Prevents posterior dislocation of tibia on femur

Question 14

How do you test which cruciate ligament is injured?

Answer 14

Anterior or posterior drawer test

Question 15

Which way does the patella normally dislocate?

Answer 15

Laterally

Question 16

What resists patellar dislocation

Answer 16

Shape of the patella and intercondylar recess on the front of the femur
Asymmetrical pull of the vasti (vastus medialis more horizontal than those of the lateralis)

Question 17

Great saphenous vein

Answer 17

Largest vein that drains into the femoral vein

Often a source for a vessel when one is needed for a graft

Question 18

Margins of the femoral triangle

Answer 18

Inguinal ligament
Sartorius
Adductor longus

Question 19

The order of structures in the femoral bundle

Answer 19

From medial to lateral

Femoral vein, artery, nerve

Question 20

Patellar ligament

Answer 20

Between the patella and the tibia

Question 21

Quadriceps tendon

Answer 21

Between the quadriceps femoris and the patella

Patella is in the tendon