Female Pelvis Flashcards
Pelvic brim
Divides the greater and lesser pelvis
Top border of the sacrum and around to the top of the pubic symphysis
Sacral promontory, arcuate and pectineal lines, and the upper margin of the pubic symphysis
Pelvic diaphragm is made up of what 2 muscles?
Levator ani
Coccygeus (also called Ishiococcygeus)
What muscles make up the Levator ani?
Pubococcygeus
Illiococcygeus
Obturator internus
Closes off the obturator foramen on the inside
Piriformis
At the back of the pelvic floor
Suspensory ligament
Brings vessels and nerves to the ovary (ovarian artery and vein)
Broad ligament
Attaches the uterus to the lateral pelvic walls
Round ligament
Thicker portion of broad ligament
Passes through inguinal canal
Anchors the uterus
What orientation is the uterus in?
Anteverted (tilted forward at the cervix)
Antiflexed (tilted forward over the bladder)
Blood supply of the pelvis comes from where?
Branches of the internal iliac artery
common iliac artery splits into external and internal
Branches of the internal iliac artery
First one is usually the obliterated umbilical artery (vesical arteries to bladder come off this one)
Obturator artery (goes through foramen to thigh)
Superior and inferior gluteal arteries
Uterine artery (over the ureter)
Internal pudendal artery
Obturator artery
Exits pelvic cavity via the obturator foramen
In pelvis gives branches to iliacus muscle and the bladder
Superior and inferior gluteal arteies
Superior exits pelvic cavity above the piriformis muscle, inferior exits below
Give blood supply to gluteal muscles
Internal pudendal artery
Exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen to gluteal region
Blood supply to external genitalia
Obliterated umbilical artery
Obliterated part is functional in a fetus (sends deoxygenated blood to the placenta)
The part that remains in adults gives the vesical arteries (to bladder) and uterine artery (to uterus)
Ovarian artery (branch of what and blood supply to where)
Branch of the abdominal aorta (not the internal iliac artery!)
Blood supply to the ovary
Lumbosacral plexus
Nerve supply of the female pelvis
Lumbar plexus: L1-L4
Sacral plexus: L4-S4
Somatic innervation of the pelvis
Pudendal nerve
S2, S3 and S4
Motor and sensory fibers
Innervate the muscles of the pelvic floor and the skin
Pudendal nerve
Origin is from S2-4
Exits the pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen to the gluteal region
Leaves gluteal region through lesser sciatic foramen to enter the pudendal canal
Motor branches supply levator ani muscle and sphincter muscle
Sensory branches supply the skin of the perineum and external genitalia
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
Parasympathetic innervation
From S2, S3 and S4
Cervix uteri
Inferior part of the uterus
Genitofemoral nerve
From L1 and L2
Emerges on surface of psoas muscle
Genital branch (enters inguinal canal, motor fibers to cremaster muscle)
Femoral branch (cutaneous innervation of anteromedial thigh).
