Neck Flashcards
what are the anatomical landmarks for the neck?
common carotid artery
external jugular vein
esophagus
trachea
what is the trachea useful for finding?
thyroid glands
what is the normal length and height of the thyroid glands in dogs?
length 25-30mm
height 4-6mm
how many lobes does the thyroid have?
2
how many parathyroid glands are there?
usually two per lobe- four total
what is the normal size of the parathyroid glands?
<2mm in height
3.3mm in length
where can a thyroid tumor be?
from base of tongue to base of heart
what are thyroid carcinomas like?
rapid-growing
locally aggressive
bilateral 40%
metastasize to lung and regional lymph nodes
how often are adenomas/hyperplasia of the thyroid bilateral?
70%
what can cause primary hyperparathyroidism?
hyperplasia or adenoma, less commonly adenocarcinoma
what does sialocele look like?
variable wall thickness, usually thin-walled
anechoic to echogenic
how can cervical lymph nodes be abnormal?
reactive
neoplasia
what are the thyroid glands like?
2 lobes
hyperechoic to muscles
fine echotexture
common carotid artery and trachea by them
what is the echogenicity of parathyroid glands?
hypoechoic to anechoic
what are mandibular lymph nodes like?
<5mm in thickness
2-3
mildly hypoechoic
rostral to mandibular salivary gland
