NDT

Question 1

What is placing response

Answer 1

maintain position when supported

Question 2

What is a reflex inhibiting pattern

Answer 2

position to inhibit spasticity by lengthening shortened muscles

Question 3

What kind of treatment approach is NDT

Answer 3

a living concept

Question 4

What is the goal of decreasing spasticty

Answer 4

Improved control of posture and movement on the affected side

Question 5

how to eliminate tone and dysfunctional movt

Answer 5

use manual techniques

Question 6

what does NDT reject

Answer 6

use of compensatory techniques

approaches that encourage abnormal movt and reflex activity

Question 7

What is NDT not based on

Answer 7

a developmental sequence

Question 8

What is loss of postural control associated with

Answer 8

difficulty shifting weight, maintaining stable body position against gravity, maintaining equilibrium when a balance is challenged

Question 9

What is loss of selective movt associated with

Answer 9

prevention of the use of the affected UE (learn neglect due o compensatory techniques)

Question 10

What is always associated with spasticity in NDT

Answer 10

associated reactions

Question 11

What is usually present immediately after stroke

Answer 11

spasticity

Question 12

when does flaccidity start

Answer 12

develops over time

starts with trunk, arm, leg

Question 13

What are the principles of NDT

Answer 13

1. Retrain normal movt responses on affected side
2. avoidance of activities and exercises that increase abnormal tone or strengthen abnormal movement
3. utilization of tx activities and exercise hat encourage and strengthen normal movt
4. Assisting the pt to use existing motor control on the affected side for occu. performance
5. dev of compensation and adaptation that encourage the use of the affected side when adequate strength and control are absent in order to decrease abnormal posture and movts

Question 14

What are specific handling tehniques

Answer 14

facilitation and inhibition

Question 15

What do handling techniques provide

Answer 15

specific tactile prop kinesthetic input to help organize quality of movt

Question 16

What are inhibition techniques used for

Answer 16

decrease abnormal mm tone.

try to restore normal alignment in trunk and exremitites by lenthening shortened mm.

Question 17

What is inhibition used for

Answer 17

addressing spasticity

Question 18

What are reflex inhibiting patterns used for

Answer 18

to decrease spasticity

to counteract pull of spastic mm

Question 19

What are facilitation techniques used for

Answer 19

flaccidity

try to get mm to contract

Question 20

how to do facilitation techniques

Answer 20

through weight bearing and non weight bearinging techniques

provide a system to relearn normal movt.

Question 21

What can weight bearing be used for in NDT

Answer 21

facilitation and inhibition

Question 22

What does NDT use occupation as end and means to do

Answer 22

to incorporate occupation while improving tone and movement

Question 23

What is occupation as ends

Answer 23

pt. directly engaged in learning tasks and activities

used to help increase individuals independence in ADLs

Question 24

What is occupation as means

Answer 24

precursory tasks

use activities therapeutically to influence impairments and provide opportunities for motor learning

Question 25

What are guidelines for occupation as end

Answer 25

based on pt. lvl of function

intervention starts with adl and work and moves to IADLs

Question 26

Example of occupation as end

Answer 26

actually brushing teeth

Question 27

example of occupation as means

Answer 27

working on ROM to get toothbrush to mouth

Question 28

What is the most important aspect of NDT

Answer 28

evaluation of motor patterns and the clients response to being moved

Question 29

What does assessment begin with in NDT

Answer 29

observation

Question 30

What to assess in NDT

Answer 30

movt controll

Question 31

When can the placing response be done

Answer 31

only when there’s some active movt in the affected extremity
can hold limb in a position after moving

Question 32

What are specific assessment guidelines

Answer 32

identify abilities and functional capabilities
identify functional limitations
determine which problems interfere w/ movt control and functional performance

Question 33

What problems to look for in NDT

Answer 33

abnormal tone
abnormal coordination
loss of postural control
loss of selective movt control
loss of sensation

Question 34

what are treatment goals based on

Answer 34

stages of recovery

Question 35

What do you see in acute care

Answer 35

low tone
loss of muscle control
dependent in adls

Question 36

What is the goal in acute care

Answer 36

increase independence in ADL
prevention of abnormal tone and movt
increase motor control on affected side

Question 37

What is the goal in inpatient rehab

Answer 37

inhibit spasticity and abnormal tone
increase normal movt responses
improve occu performance by including affected side
increase coordination of affected side

Question 38

Treatment techniques for a hemiplegic arm

Answer 38

Use inhibition (reflex inhibiting patterns)
use facilitation (weight bearing and scapulohumeral rhythm)
UE tx in supine (place and hold)
UE tx in sitting

Question 39

Why is use of facilitation important

Answer 39

to make sure the humerous is in the glenoid fossa

Question 40

Limitations of NDT

Answer 40

no strong evidence to support it over other approaches
no formal assessment not standardized
things vary from client to client
depends on skill level of therapist

Question 41

What are associated reactions

Answer 41

involuntary and nonfunctional change in muscle tone w/ a stressful situation