NBS Chemistry Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids Flashcards
Nucleotides have how many component?
3
What are the 3 components of nucleotides?
Phosphate
Sugar
Nitrogenous Base
Adenine and Guanine are examples of?
Purines
Uracil, Thymine, and Cytosine are examples of?
Pyramidines
Which of the following pyramidines is the nitrogenour base of a ribose?
A. Thymine
B. Uracil
C. Cytosine
Cytosine
Which of the following Purines is the nitrogenour base of a ribose?
A.Adenine
B. Guanine
Guanine
If a phosphate is removed from a nucleotide it is called a________?
Nucleoside
Double stranded alpha helix has two strands that run? A. Parallel B. Antiparallel C. Horizontal D. Transversely
Antiparallel
Nucelotides within one strand contain what type of bonds? A. Hydrogen B. Phosphodiester C. Ester D. Easily broken bonds
Phosphodiester
Nucelotides base pairs btwn complimentary strands have what type of bonds? A. Hydrogen B. Phosphodiester C. Ester D. Glycosidic
Hydrogen
*These are easily broken
Where does DNA replication take place? A. cytoplasm B. nucleolus C. nucleus D. ribosome
nucleus
Where does RNA replication take place? A. cytoplasm B. nucleolus C. nucleus D. ribosome
Nucleolus
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA strand? A. RNA polyermase B. Topoisomerase C. Thiamine Dehydrogenase D. DNA polyermase
Topoisomerase
AKA helicase
During DNA replication; _____ polymerase acts as a template and makes new DNA from the parent DNA.
RNA
What splits the doubled 92 chromosome DNA into two identical 46 chromosome daughter DNA? A. Topoisomerase B. mRNA C. Mitosis D. DNA doubling
Mitosis
Transcription for RNA synthesis is from:
A. 5’ to 3’
B. 3’ to 5’
C. 5’ to 5’
A
5’ to 3’
Which enzyme is responsible for making an RNA primer from a DNA template during RNA transcription?
A. RNA polyermase
B. Topoisomerase
RNA Polymerase
The DNA template is read \_\_\_\_ bases at a time. A. 1 B. 3 C. 2 D. 4
3
The DNA sequence is also called a: A. Category B. Strand C. Code D. Codon
Code
Which RNA is associated with holding the information to determine the amino acid sequence order?
A. tRNA
B. mRNA
C. rRNA
mRNA
Which RNA is the main component of the ribosomal unit which moves along mRNA?
A. tRNA
B. mRNA
C. rRNA
rRNA
This RNA jumps on and off, carrying amino acids with it?
A. tRNA
B. mRNA
C. rRNA
tRNA
Prior to translation (protein synthesis) which of the following would bind to a ribosome? A. tRNA B. Codon C. Anticodon D. mRNA
mRNA
This contains 3 bases (nucleotides) in the mRNA chain to code for one amino acid? A. tRNA B. Codon C. Anticodon D. rRNA
Codon
tRNA has 3 bases that is complementary to a specific codon; this describes which of the following? A. mRNA B. Codon C. Anticodon D. rRNA
Anticodon
When deal with RNA, what pyrimadine is substituted for thymine?
uracil
A-T, C-G for DNA, A-___ and C-G in RNA?
U- URACIL takes thymines spot with adenine pairing
Which anticodon binds with the mRNA codon and brings one amino acid to the ribosome?
A. rRNA
B. tRNA
C. mRNA
tRNA
What is the enzyme responsible for forming a peptide bond with an amino acid on the tRNA? A. RNA polyermase B. Topoisomerase C. Peptidyl transferase D. Aminoacyl-trna syntase
Peptidyl Transferase
An amino acid is attached to a tRNA by which enzyme? A. RNA polyermase B. Topoisomerase C. Peptidyl transferase D. Aminoacyl-trna syntase
Aminoacyl-trna synthase
T/F: AUG is an example of a stop condon
True
What is the enzyme associated with DNA formation properties? A. RNA polyermase B. Topoisomerase C. Dnase D. Aminoacyl-trna syntase
Dnase
What sugar is DNA?
Deoxyribose
