NB2 7+8+ DLA Flashcards
trigeminal nerve attachment to the brainstem
Laterally merging with middle cerebellar peduncle
major branches of the trigeminal nerve
Ophthalmic (sensory)
Maxillary (sensory)
Mandibular (sensory and moto
nuclei of the trigeminal nerve
3 Sensory (Chief, mesencephalic, spinal) 1 Motor (trigeminal)
what is the trigeminal nerve derived from
1st pharyngeal arch
Ophthalmic CNV1
sensory nerve of the orbit and surrounding area
passes through superior orbital fissure
lateral wall of cavernous sinus
Sensory: Eye, Forehead, Part of Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses, Meninges (Dura mater)
MAXILLARY CNV2
Sensory nerve of the pterygopalatine fossa, nose and
surrounding area
passes through the foramen rotundum
lateral wall of cavernous sinus
Mandibular CNV3
Sensory nerve of the oral cavity, parotid gland and
surrounding area
passes through foramen ovale into the infratemporal fossa
DOES NOT pass through cavernous sinus
nuclei of the facial nerve
1 Special Sensory (nucleus solitaris) 1 Motor (facial) 1 parasympathetic (superior salivatory nucleus)
facial nerve attachment to the brainstem
Ventrolateral to the Pontomedullary junction
major branches of the facial nerve
Greater petrosal (parasympathetic) Chorda tympani (special sense and parasympathetic) Motor trunk (main portion will branch further)
ganglia of the facial nerve
Geniculate in petrous temporal bone
facial nerve is derived from…
2nd pharyngeal arch
where does the glossopharyngeal nerve attach to the brain stem
medulla oblongata posterior to the olive
nuclei of the GP nerve
Sensory – nucleus solitarius and spinal tract of trigeminal nucleus
Parasympathetic – inferior salivatory nucleus (parotid gland)
Motor – nucleus ambiguus
ganglia of the GP CN
superior (jugular) and inferior (petrosal)
GP CN is derived from?
3rd pharyngeal arch
exits by the jugular foramen
nuclei of the vagus nerve
Sensory – spinal tract of trigeminal nucleus
Parasympathetic – dorsal motor nucleus of vagus
Motor – nucleus ambiguous
vagus nerve and attachment to brainstem?
medulla oblongata posterior to the olive
ganglia of the vagus nerve
superior (nodose) and inferior
where does the vagus nerve exit the skull
jugular foramen
about the accessory nerve
exits by the jugular foramen
enters by the foramen magnum
travels down the neck
about the hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal nucleus located in the medulla oblongata close to the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus
Attaches to the brainstem at the sulcus between the olive and pyramid
Exits cranial cavity through hypoglossal canal
Damage to corticobulbar fibers that project to the
hypoglossal nucleus
central lesion vs hypoglossal lesion
central = contralateral deviation of the tongue during protrusion
hypoglossal nerve lesion = ipsilateral deviation of the tongue during protrusion
The upper motor neuron lesion (corticobulbar lesion)
spares the upper face
weakness is seen in the contralateral lower face
in a unilateral corticobulbar lesion.. the patient can still wrinkle forehead
The lower motor neuron lesion (facial nerve lesion)
does not spare the upper face
weakness is seen in the ipsilateral upper and lower face
In a lesion affecting the facial nerve, both
upper and lower facial muscles are paralyzed (facial
LMN syndrome –e.g. Bell’s palsy).
