NB2 5+6 Flashcards
what cranial nerve controls the constrictor muscles in the pharynx?
- Superior constrictors
- Middle constrictors
- Inferior constrictors
CN X
Salpingopharyngeus muscle
elevates the pharynx
pulls on auditory tube to equalize pressure in middle ear
pharyngeal branch of CN X
Palatopharyngeus m.
elevates pharynx/larynx
pharyngeal branch of CN X
Stylopharyngeus m.
elevates pharynx/larynx during swallowing
CN IX
The pharyngeal plexus
made up of CN IX and X
provides motor and sensory innervation to most of the pharynx (excluding nasopharynx)
nasopharynx is innervated by CN V2
oropharynx = CN IX laryngopharynx = CN X
The blood supply of the pharynx
External carotid A.
subclavian A. (pharyngeal branch of inferior thyroid)
venous drainage of the pharynx
pterygoid plexus of infratemporal (IT) fossa………
facial/retromandibular veins…… internal jugular v.
lymph drainage of the pharynx
Deep cervical nodes
Via the retropharyngeal, paratracheal, and infrahyoid
innervation above and blow the vocal cords
above = internal laryngeal N. (sensory)
below = recurrent laryngeal N. (sensory and motor)
boundaries of the infratemporal fossa
roof:
greater wing of sphenoid
temporal bone
lateral wall:
ramus of the mandible
anterior wall:
maxilla
posterior wall:
Styloid process, Mastoid process, Stylomastoid foramen
medial wall:
Pterygomaxillary fissure
Lateral pterygoid plate
muscles of the infratemporal fossa
lateral pterygoid = depression and protrusion
medial pterygoid = elevation
muscles for mastication
temporalis = elevation and retrusion
lateral pterygoid = depression and protrusion
medial pterygoid = elevation
masseter = elevation, protrusion, and retrusion
inferior alveolar A.
mandibular foramen
mandibular teeth
middle meningeal A.
foramen spinosum
dura mater
Sphenopalatine a.
Sphenopalatine foramen
Supplies the nasal cavity
infraorbital A.
Infraorbital foramen
Maxillary sinus
Face inferior to the eye
Posterior superior alveolar A.
upper teeth
Descending palatine
Divides into lesser and greater palatine
Descending palatine and sphenopalatine
anastomose through the incisive foramen
to cavernous sinus by…
superior ophthalmic veins (angular vein)
To pterygoid venous plexus by….
deep facial vein and then to cavernous sinus through
inferior ophthalmic or emissary veins
walls of the Pterygopalatine fossa
roof: body of the sphenoid
medial: perpendicular plate of the palatine bone
anterior: posterior wall of maxilla
posterior: sphenoid
contents of the Pterygopalatine fossa
maxillary A.
maxillary N. (enter by foramen rotundum) (sensory)
Pterygopalatine ganglion (parasympathetic)
