NB2 5+6

Question 1

what cranial nerve controls the constrictor muscles in the pharynx?

Answer 1

1. Superior constrictors
2. Middle constrictors
3. Inferior constrictors

CN X

Question 2

Salpingopharyngeus muscle

Answer 2

elevates the pharynx

pulls on auditory tube to equalize pressure in middle ear

pharyngeal branch of CN X

Question 3

Palatopharyngeus m.

Answer 3

elevates pharynx/larynx

pharyngeal branch of CN X

Question 4

Stylopharyngeus m.

Answer 4

elevates pharynx/larynx during swallowing

CN IX

Question 5

The pharyngeal plexus

Answer 5

made up of CN IX and X

provides motor and sensory innervation to most of the pharynx (excluding nasopharynx)

nasopharynx is innervated by CN V2

oropharynx = CN IX
laryngopharynx = CN X

Question 6

The blood supply of the pharynx

Answer 6

External carotid A.

subclavian A. (pharyngeal branch of inferior thyroid)

Question 7

venous drainage of the pharynx

Answer 7

pterygoid plexus of infratemporal (IT) fossa………

facial/retromandibular veins…… internal jugular v.

Question 8

lymph drainage of the pharynx

Answer 8

Deep cervical nodes

Via the retropharyngeal, paratracheal, and infrahyoid

Question 9

innervation above and blow the vocal cords

Answer 9

above = internal laryngeal N. (sensory)

below = recurrent laryngeal N. (sensory and motor)

Question 10

boundaries of the infratemporal fossa

Answer 10

roof:
greater wing of sphenoid
temporal bone

lateral wall:
ramus of the mandible

anterior wall:
maxilla

posterior wall:
Styloid process, Mastoid process, Stylomastoid foramen

medial wall:
Pterygomaxillary fissure
Lateral pterygoid plate

Question 11

muscles of the infratemporal fossa

Answer 11

lateral pterygoid = depression and protrusion

medial pterygoid = elevation

Question 12

muscles for mastication

Answer 12

temporalis = elevation and retrusion

lateral pterygoid = depression and protrusion

medial pterygoid = elevation

masseter = elevation, protrusion, and retrusion

Question 13

inferior alveolar A.

Answer 13

mandibular foramen

mandibular teeth

Question 14

middle meningeal A.

Answer 14

foramen spinosum

dura mater

Question 15

Sphenopalatine a.

Answer 15

Sphenopalatine foramen

Supplies the nasal cavity

Question 16

infraorbital A.

Answer 16

Infraorbital foramen
Maxillary sinus
Face inferior to the eye

Question 17

Posterior superior alveolar A.

Answer 17

upper teeth

Question 18

Descending palatine

Answer 18

Divides into lesser and greater palatine

Descending palatine and sphenopalatine
anastomose through the incisive foramen

Question 19

to cavernous sinus by…

Answer 19

superior ophthalmic veins (angular vein)

Question 20

To pterygoid venous plexus by….

Answer 20

deep facial vein and then to cavernous sinus through

inferior ophthalmic or emissary veins

Question 21

walls of the Pterygopalatine fossa

Answer 21

roof: body of the sphenoid
medial: perpendicular plate of the palatine bone
anterior: posterior wall of maxilla
posterior: sphenoid

Question 22

contents of the Pterygopalatine fossa

Answer 22

maxillary A.
maxillary N. (enter by foramen rotundum) (sensory)
Pterygopalatine ganglion (parasympathetic)