NB2-1 - Practical Clinical Neuroimaging

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Label image and say what the imaging modality is.

Answer 2

T1 MRI, what you think is skull is actually subcutaneous fat

From top to bottom: corpus callosum, caudate lobe, insula, putamen, temporal lobe

Question 3

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Label image and say what imaging modality is used.

Answer 4

T1 MRI

From top to bottom: corpus callosum, caudate nucleus, putamen, temporal lobe

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Answer 13

Question 14

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

Answer 18

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

Answer 20

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

Answer 22

Question 23

Answer 23

Question 24

Answer 24

Question 25

Answer 25

Answer 26

Question 27

Answer 27

Question 28

Answer 28

Question 29

Which arteries carry blood into the brain cavity? Trace their origins back to the aorta.

Answer 29

Right Internal Carotid Artery < Right Common Carotid < Brachiocephalic Trunk < Aortic Arch

Left Internal Carotid Artery < Left Common Carotid < Aortic Arch

Right Vertebral Artery < Right Subclavian < Brachiocephalic Trunk < Aortic Arch

Left Vertebral Artery < Left Subclavian < Aortic Arch

Question 30

Describe the route the internal carotid and basilar arteries take to eventually give off the cerebral arteries. Include other branches they give off along the way.

Answer 30

• The internal carotid arteries branch off of the common carotids, and enter the brain cavity via the carotid canals and cavernous sinuses in the petrous part of the temporal bone. Shortly after this, the ICAs give off the opthalmic and posterior communicating arteries and then splits into the MCAs and ACAs
• The vertebral arteries branch off of the subclavian arteries, ascend through the C1-C6 transvers foramina, enter the brain cavity via the foramen magnum in the occipital bone. They will then give off the posterior inferior cerebellar arteries and anterior spinal arteries before merging to form the basilar artery at about the level of the medulla-pons junction. The basilar artery will then give off the anterior inferior and superior cerebellar arteries before splitting into the PCAs laterally

Question 31

In general, what portions of the brain are supplied by the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries?

Answer 31

• The ACA supplies the midline of the frontal and parietal lobes
• The MCA supplies the lateral aspects of the brain
• The PCA supplies the midline of the occipital lobe

Question 32

Describe the circle of willis and its importance

Answer 32

At the point where each ICA gives off an ACA and MCA, it also gives of a posterior communicating artery that anastomoses with the MCAs. This connects the ICA and Vertebral systems which is crucial for continued blood supply to the brain if one of the systems fails.

Question 33

If a person had a lesion of their ACA, where would you expect them to have muscle weakness? Explain

Answer 33

In their lower limbs. The ACA supplies the midline of the brain. The midline portions of the primary motor cortex control the lower parts of the body (refer to motor homonculus).

Question 34

Answer 34

A