NB2-1 - Practical Clinical Neuroimaging Flashcards
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Label image and say what the imaging modality is.
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T1 MRI, what you think is skull is actually subcutaneous fat
From top to bottom: corpus callosum, caudate lobe, insula, putamen, temporal lobe
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Label image and say what imaging modality is used.
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T1 MRI
From top to bottom: corpus callosum, caudate nucleus, putamen, temporal lobe
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Which arteries carry blood into the brain cavity? Trace their origins back to the aorta.
Right Internal Carotid Artery \< Right Common Carotid \< Brachiocephalic Trunk \< Aortic Arch
Left Internal Carotid Artery \< Left Common Carotid \< Aortic Arch
Right Vertebral Artery \< Right Subclavian \< Brachiocephalic Trunk \< Aortic Arch
Left Vertebral Artery \< Left Subclavian \< Aortic Arch
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Describe the route the internal carotid and basilar arteries take to eventually give off the cerebral arteries. Include other branches they give off along the way.
* The internal carotid arteries branch off of the common carotids, and enter the brain cavity via the carotid canals and cavernous sinuses in the petrous part of the temporal bone. Shortly after this, the ICAs give off the opthalmic and posterior communicating arteries and then splits into the MCAs and ACAs
* The vertebral arteries branch off of the subclavian arteries, ascend through the C1-C6 transvers foramina, enter the brain cavity via the foramen magnum in the occipital bone. They will then give off the posterior inferior cerebellar arteries and anterior spinal arteries before merging to form the basilar artery at about the level of the medulla-pons junction. The basilar artery will then give off the anterior inferior and superior cerebellar arteries before splitting into the PCAs laterally
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In general, what portions of the brain are supplied by the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries?
* The ACA supplies the midline of the frontal and parietal lobes
* The MCA supplies the lateral aspects of the brain
* The PCA supplies the midline of the occipital lobe
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Describe the circle of willis and its importance
At the point where each ICA gives off an ACA and MCA, it also gives of a _posterior communicating artery_ that anastomoses with the MCAs. This connects the ICA and Vertebral systems which is crucial for continued blood supply to the brain if one of the systems fails.
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If a person had a lesion of their ACA, where would you expect them to have muscle weakness? Explain
In their lower limbs. The ACA supplies the midline of the brain. The midline portions of the primary motor cortex control the lower parts of the body (refer to motor homonculus).
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