NB histology

Question 1

Where are nissl bodies found in a neuron cell body?

Answer 1

soma and dendrites

Question 2

What is the function of nissl bodies?

Answer 2

Production of cytoskeletal proteins, proteins for transport and neurotransmitters

Question 3

Where are golgi apparatus found in the neuron cell body?

Answer 3

Only in the cell body

Question 4

Where is the mitochondria found and where is abundant?

Answer 4

Throughout the cell body but abundant in the axon terminal.

Question 5

Where are centrioles found in the neuron?

Answer 5

neurons don’t have centroiles since they can’t divide

Question 6

What is a neurons nuclei and cytoplasm like?

Answer 6

nuclei: large roumd with dispersed chromatin and prominent nucleoli reflecting a high level of protein synthesis
cytoplasm : Abundant basophilic (extensve ribosomal RNA)

Question 7

what are the functions of microtubules?

Answer 7

Tracks along which material is transported to and from the cell body
function: Fast axonal transport

Question 8

What are the functions of neurofilaments ?

Answer 8

intermediate filaments, structural support
function: tensile scaffold

Question 9

What are the organelles in the synaptic knob?

Answer 9

excess of mitochondria, only smooth er, synaptic vesicle containing neurotransmitter

Question 10

which cells in the PNS are myelinated?

Answer 10

large diameter fibers wrapped by concentric layers of the schwann cell plasma membrane

Question 11

Which PNS cells are non meylinated?

Answer 11

small diameter axons those autonomic nervous sytem and small pain fibers enveloped by cytoplasm of schwann cells

Question 12

How many axons cn one oligodemdrocyte myelinate?

Answer 12

50 axons

Question 13

What is an automatic ganglion?

Answer 13

Cell bodies of autonomic nerves

Question 14

What are dorsal root ganglia ?

Answer 14

Cell bodies of sensory (afferent) neurons

Question 15

What are the type of neurons found in the posterior horn cells?

Answer 15

sensory neurons

Question 16

what are the types of neurons found in the anterior horn cells?

Answer 16

motor neurons

Question 17

what are the types of neurons found?

Answer 17

sensory, motor and interneurons

Question 18

What are the folds in the cerebullum called?

Answer 18

Folia

Question 19

What are the components of the grey matter?

Answer 19

Cell bodies, unmeylinated nerve fibers, neuroglia and blood vessels

Question 20

What are the components of the white matter?

Answer 20

Myelinated nerve fibers, neuroglia and blood vessels

Question 21

What is the central canal ?

Answer 21

Found of in the center of grey matter, lined by ependymal cells and contains csf

Question 22

What is neuropil?

Answer 22

Dense network formed by the processes of both neurons and glial cells, which fills all the spaces of CNS

Question 23

What is the difference between the dorsal and ventral horns under spinal cord H&E stain?

Answer 23

Dorsal horn: much less prominent and contain the cell bodies of small second order sensory neurones
Ventral horns: most promenint and containing celll bodies of the large lower moor neurones.

Question 24

what are the glial cells foind in the CNS?

Answer 24

Ependymal cells
Astrocytes
Microglial cells
oligondendrocytes

Question 25

What are the layers of the nerve bundle from outside to inside?

Answer 25

(EPE pen)
Epineurium
Perineurim
Endoneurium

Question 26

What is are the layers of the cerebellar cortec inside out?

Answer 26

Inner granular layer
purkinje cells
Outter molecular layer

Question 27

What is the structure of the blood brain barrier?

Answer 27

continuous endothelial cells with tight junctions
Thick continuous basement membrane
End feet of strocytes firmly applied on cappilaries

Question 28

What is the function of the blood brain barrier?

Answer 28

Prevent harmful material from entering the nerve cells while allowing nutrients to pass by faciliated diffusiona and active transport

Question 29

What are the six layersof the cerbral cortex?

Answer 29

1. molecular layer
2. external granular layer
3. external pyramidal cell layer
4. Internal granular layer
5. Ganflionic layer (internal pyramidal cells)
6. Multiform (polymorphic) cell layer

Question 30

What gives the fried egged look of the oligondendrocytes?

Answer 30

Delayed fixation

Question 31

What are the neurons found in the cerebral cortex?

Answer 31

1. pyramidal cell
   2.Stellate(granule) cells
2. Fusiform cells
   4.Horizontal cells of cajal
   5.Cells of martinotti

Question 32

what are the diffferent types of ganglion cells?

Answer 32

Alpha and beta (Alpha are wider and have more dendritic connections than beta)

Question 33

What is GFAP?

Answer 33

Glial fibrillary acidic protein
Used as a marker for astrocytic cell

Question 34

What are the different type of synapses?

Answer 34

Axosomatic synapse
Axodendritic synapse
Axoaxonic synapse

Question 35

What are special stains used to stain white matter and what color is given?

Answer 35

luxolfast blue: Myelin>blue
Osmic acid: Myelin> Black

Question 36

What are special IHC stains used to stain white matter?

Answer 36

Myelin basic protein: myelin> brown
neurofilament: axon> brown

Question 37

What IHC stain is ued to stain grey matter?

Answer 37

Synaptophysin: synapse>brown

Question 38

What IHC stain is used to stain glial cells?

Answer 38

Glial fibrillary acid protein: brown

Question 39

What special stain can be used to stain the whole neuron?

Answer 39

Golgi stain method: black

Question 40

What special stain is used to stain grey matter?

Answer 40

NIssl stain method: cell body> blue