NB histology Flashcards
Where are nissl bodies found in a neuron cell body?
soma and dendrites
What is the function of nissl bodies?
Production of cytoskeletal proteins, proteins for transport and neurotransmitters
Where are golgi apparatus found in the neuron cell body?
Only in the cell body
Where is the mitochondria found and where is abundant?
Throughout the cell body but abundant in the axon terminal.
Where are centrioles found in the neuron?
neurons don’t have centroiles since they can’t divide
What is a neurons nuclei and cytoplasm like?
nuclei: large roumd with dispersed chromatin and prominent nucleoli reflecting a high level of protein synthesis
cytoplasm : Abundant basophilic (extensve ribosomal RNA)
what are the functions of microtubules?
Tracks along which material is transported to and from the cell body
function: Fast axonal transport
What are the functions of neurofilaments ?
intermediate filaments, structural support
function: tensile scaffold
What are the organelles in the synaptic knob?
excess of mitochondria, only smooth er, synaptic vesicle containing neurotransmitter
which cells in the PNS are myelinated?
large diameter fibers wrapped by concentric layers of the schwann cell plasma membrane
Which PNS cells are non meylinated?
small diameter axons those autonomic nervous sytem and small pain fibers enveloped by cytoplasm of schwann cells
How many axons cn one oligodemdrocyte myelinate?
50 axons
What is an automatic ganglion?
Cell bodies of autonomic nerves
What are dorsal root ganglia ?
Cell bodies of sensory (afferent) neurons
What are the type of neurons found in the posterior horn cells?
sensory neurons
what are the types of neurons found in the anterior horn cells?
motor neurons
what are the types of neurons found?
sensory, motor and interneurons
What are the folds in the cerebullum called?
Folia
What are the components of the grey matter?
Cell bodies, unmeylinated nerve fibers, neuroglia and blood vessels
What are the components of the white matter?
Myelinated nerve fibers, neuroglia and blood vessels
What is the central canal ?
Found of in the center of grey matter, lined by ependymal cells and contains csf
What is neuropil?
Dense network formed by the processes of both neurons and glial cells, which fills all the spaces of CNS
What is the difference between the dorsal and ventral horns under spinal cord H&E stain?
Dorsal horn: much less prominent and contain the cell bodies of small second order sensory neurones
Ventral horns: most promenint and containing celll bodies of the large lower moor neurones.
what are the glial cells foind in the CNS?
Ependymal cells
Astrocytes
Microglial cells
oligondendrocytes
What are the layers of the nerve bundle from outside to inside?
(EPE pen)
Epineurium
Perineurim
Endoneurium
What is are the layers of the cerebellar cortec inside out?
Inner granular layer
purkinje cells
Outter molecular layer
What is the structure of the blood brain barrier?
continuous endothelial cells with tight junctions
Thick continuous basement membrane
End feet of strocytes firmly applied on cappilaries
What is the function of the blood brain barrier?
Prevent harmful material from entering the nerve cells while allowing nutrients to pass by faciliated diffusiona and active transport
What are the six layersof the cerbral cortex?
- molecular layer
- external granular layer
- external pyramidal cell layer
- Internal granular layer
- Ganflionic layer (internal pyramidal cells)
- Multiform (polymorphic) cell layer
What gives the fried egged look of the oligondendrocytes?
Delayed fixation
What are the neurons found in the cerebral cortex?
- pyramidal cell
2.Stellate(granule) cells - Fusiform cells
4.Horizontal cells of cajal
5.Cells of martinotti
what are the diffferent types of ganglion cells?
Alpha and beta (Alpha are wider and have more dendritic connections than beta)
What is GFAP?
Glial fibrillary acidic protein
Used as a marker for astrocytic cell
What are the different type of synapses?
Axosomatic synapse
Axodendritic synapse
Axoaxonic synapse
What are special stains used to stain white matter and what color is given?
luxolfast blue: Myelin>blue
Osmic acid: Myelin> Black
What are special IHC stains used to stain white matter?
Myelin basic protein: myelin> brown
neurofilament: axon> brown
What IHC stain is ued to stain grey matter?
Synaptophysin: synapse>brown
What IHC stain is used to stain glial cells?
Glial fibrillary acid protein: brown
What special stain can be used to stain the whole neuron?
Golgi stain method: black
What special stain is used to stain grey matter?
NIssl stain method: cell body> blue
