ANS Flashcards
What is the ANS nucleus origin of cranial nerve III?
Edinger-westphal nucleus
What is the ANS cranial origin of Cranial nerve VII?
Superior salivatory nucleus
What is the ANS cranial origin of Cranial nerve IX?
Inferior salvatory nucleus
What is the ANS cranial origin of Cranial nerve X to the respiratory tract&lungs, GIT, liver&pancreas, heart and nasopharynx?
Dorsal motor nucleus
What is the ANS cranial origin of Cranial nerve X to the nasopharynx and esophagus?
Nucleus ambiduus
What is affective behaviour?
Pattern of responses that is elicited by emotions such as fear, rage, suprise, digsusts etc.
What is Horner’s syndrome ?
An inury to the cervical sympathetic nerve fibers which produces a syndrome group of symptoms on the same side
What is the cause of horner’s syndrome?
Congenital, surgical intervention, trauma tumour of the lung apex and brainstem lesion affecting descending fibers to LH
What are the symptoms of horner’s syndrome?
- Ptosis (Drooping of the upper eyelid which covers the eye due to paralysis of the superior tarsal muscle)
2.Miosis (pupilloconstriction due to paralysis of the dilator pupillae muscle)
3.Anhydrosis (absence of sweat secretion)
4.VD (due to loss of the sympathetic VC effect)
5.Enopthalmos (sinking of the eyeball backward in the orbit )
When is autonomic failure common?
its rare but found in old people escpecially men and can be presented alone or with neurodegenerative diseases
What is the clinical presentation of the autonomic failure?
Dizziness, fatigue and blackouts during exercise, or after meals
What are clinical complaints of autonomic failure?
Persistant postural hypotension
What is the sympathetic divison ?
(thoracolumbar division)
Myelinated preganglionic fibers exit spinal cord in ventral roots from T1 to L2 levels.
What does the amygdala do in regards to the ANS?
Assesment of stimul and execution of commands and initiation of signals
What are the steps to executing ANS activity ?
- Recognition and assessment of circumstances
2.Assessment of stimuli and initiation of appropriate signals to trigge required response
3.Intgration of autonomic activity
4.Execution of specific behavioural pattern of autonomic and somatic responses
What neurotransmitter is released to the target organs by the sympathetic nervous system?
norepinephrine
What neurotransmitter is released by the preganglionic fiber in the sympathetic nervous system?
Release acetylcholine
What is the parasympathetic divison?
(craniosacral division)
s2 to s4 and preganglionic neurons in brain stem and in lateral portion of anterior gray horn
what is released by the post and preganglionic synapse in the parasypathetic division?
Acetylcholine
Where is the exception to the postgaglionic neurotransmitter release in the sympathetic nevous system and what does it release?
adrenal medulla
epinephrine
What is the function of the sympathetic nerves in the skin?
VC, Sweat secretion and horripilation
What is antagonostic effect, give an organ example?
ex: heart
aympathetic and parasympathetic fibers innervates the same cells (actions counteract each other)
What is complementary innervation give an example of organ involved?
sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation produces similar effects
ex: salivary gland secretion
What is the cooperative innervation?
ex: micronutrition
sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation produce differet effects that work together to produce desired effect
How does the complementary effect work on the salivary gland secretion?
parasympathetic nerves> watery saliva sympathetic saliva> constriction of the blood vessels throughout the digestive tract -> decreased blood flow to the salivary glands -> production of thicker, more viscous saliva
