Navigation Flashcards
What information may be available if the IR Rotary Selectors are set to ATT?
- IR mode supplying only attitude and heading information, if the system loses its ability to navigate.
- The heading must be entered through the CDU keyboard and has to be reset frequently (10min).
What are the 3 occasions when the ALIGN light will flash?
- ALIGN fault
- No present position entry after 10min
- Different between position at shutdown and entered position exceeds 1 degree of latitude or longitude
- If the aircraft moves during alignment (windy day).
When does the ON BAT light illuminate?
Comes on amber when one or more IRs is supplied only by the A/C battery. It also comes on for a few seconds at the beginning of the alignment, but not for a fast realignment.
What should NOT be tested during APU start?
Compass, because of the location of the APU power on contractor in the cockpit the PAU start sequence may disturb the compass reading.
When the ILS is tuned on an RMP, what information is NOT available?
When the flight crew uses an RMP t turn an ILS/DME, the PFDs do not display the DME distance.
If both FMGS fail, how are navaids tuned?
- RMP in the NAV backup mode, the crew can select radio communication systems as normal
- Setting on RMP to NAV backup mode removes navaids tuning from both FMGCs.
Which NAVAIDS can be tuned from RMP1 & RMP2 and RMP3?
CAPT RMP: VOR1, ADF1
F/O RMP: VOR2, ADF2
Either RMP: both ILS
RMP3: not used for navaids tuning
What happens to GPWS warnings if the loudspeakers are turned off?
The audio volume of GPWS aural warning or cautions is not controlled by the loudspeaker volume knobs.
When will TERR ON ND automatically switch on?
If an alert is generated (caution or warning) and TERR p/b switch ON ND is not selected, the terrain and the obstacles are automatically displayed, and the ON light of the TERRN p/b switch ON ND comes on.
If TERR ON ND is indicating ON, what happens to the wether radar?
Weather radar image not displayed.
What produes the information on the ND when using EGPWS?
TAD
How is the information displayed in order to prevent confusion with weather radar?
- The weather radar TILT is replaced by a blue TERR and the terrain display sweeps form the centre outward to both ND sides.
- To differentiate between the terrain and the weather display, the terrain display sweeps form the centre outward to both sides of the ND.
When should LDG FLAP 3 be selected ON?
Flap mode is inhibited when flaps config 3 is selected, in this case, LDG MEMO displays “flaps 3” instead of “config full”
When should FLAP MODE be selected OFF?
Flap mode (too low flaps mode 4) is inhibited, to avoid nuisance warning in case of landing with flaps setting reduced).
If the TERR function of EGPWS fails, or is selected OFF, what happens to GPWS?
Inhibits the TAD and TCF modes, and does not affect the basic GPWS mode 1-5. If OFF is selected the ECAM caution NAV GPWS TERR DET FAULT is displayed.
Apart from the EWD, where are TCAS failures displayed?
Flag on PFD and ND.
Which colours are displayed on the Vertical Speed Scale?
Red, green and normal (grey)
What causes the pressure setting to pulse on the PFD?
When the selection made by the pilot is not correct. STD not selected above transition altitude in climb or STD still selected in approach below transition level or 2500’ radio height if transition level is not available.
When is RA data displayed?
- Lower than 2500’
- Green DH+100’ < RA < dh +100’
If no DHs has been entered, or if both FMGC fail, the radio height appears:
Green: 400’ < RA < 2500’
Amber: when RA is less or equal to 400’
What is displayed at the bottom corners of the ND?
- NAVAIDS (ADF or VOR)
- Shape and colour of the associated bearing pointer.
- Identification or frequencies
- DME distance
- Mode of tuning
On the EFIS, where are ILS 1 and ILS 2 displayed?
ILS 1 information: PFD 1, ND 2
ILS 2 information: PFD 2, ND 1
In the PLAN mode (ECP) what CANNOT be displayed on the ND?
- Weather radar picture
- Data on NAVAIDS and associated pointers.
If CHECK ATT appears on the PFD, what should you do?
- Both PFDs display “check ATT” if there is a discrepancy of at least 5 degrees between the attitude valves, pitch and/or roll.
- Crosscheck the three systems; switch the faulty side to number 3, on the switching panel.
How long does an IRS alignment take?
Completed alignment: 10 mins
Fast alignment: 30 sec
How is a rapid alignment done and when?
- Turn off the 3 ADIRS then turn them back on within 5 seconds
- When G/S > 5 knots
What should you do if there is a NAV ACCUR DOWNGRADE message?
Compare raw data from tuned navaids with FM computed data on ND or PROG.
How can LAT/LONG be adjusted on the MCDU?
- Slewing or overwriting, and then press the align IRS prompt. (INIT page)
Wind Heading is displayed in true while the arrow displays in magnetic.
Why are the wind heading and arrow different?
FO PFD, ND and lower ECAM
What does ADIRU 2 power?
M inute: 1 minute to alignment countdown but still not alignedM easure: FROM airport is not current positionM emory: shutdown position different than present by 1 degree lat or longM otion: when tugged during alignment, will restart alignment process in 10 minutes
What are the 4 reasons fora IRS IN ALIGN memo?
91 per axis per IR
How many Ring Laser Gyros are on board?
Baro Reference SelectorsADIRS Control and Display Unit (CDU)(MCDUs) Multifunction Control and Display Units
What are the pilot inputs to the ADIRS?
GP-IRS position is accurate and used by FMS
What does GPS PRIMARY mean?
FO angle of attackFO Total air temperatureFO pitot and static systemsUses 3 ADMs
What are the inputs for ADIRU 2?
30 seconds, Switch all ADIRS knobs to NAV - OFF - NAV
How long does a fast realignment take and how do you accompl
Standby angle of attackCA Total air temperatureStandby pitot (1) and static (2) systemsUses 2 ADMs
What are the inputs for ADIRU 3?
When APPR is pressed for an ILS approach or LOC is pressed for a LOC approach
When is the only time the aircraft is navigated by a ground
Through 2 Multi Mode Receivers (MMRs) which then send data to the ADIRUs. MMR1 =ADIRU1&3 MMR2=ADIRU2
How is GPS data calculated?
On-side positionADIRU3 positionOff-side position
What is the MMR hierarchy?
CA angle of attackCA Total air temperatureCA pitot and static systemsUses 3 ADMs
What are the inputs for ADIRU 1?
91 per axis per IR
How many accelerometers are on board?
While in flight using MIX IRS position, FMS recalculates position based on DME/DME or VOR/DME and applies the BIAS to the FMS position. The MIX IRS position is never changed only the FMS position.
How is MIX IRS re-calibrated in-flight?
During takeoff, the FMS knows the location of the runway threshold and corrects the MIX IRS position when TOGO power is applied.
When GPS is lost and FMS is working off MIX IRS, what realig
After alignment, the 3 independent IRs calculate present position. The FMS then take the average as the MIX IRS position.
When GPS is lost how is position information calculated?
(ADR) Air Data Reference :-Pitot/Static info(IR) Inertial Reference:-Gyro type info (attitude and heading)-position
What are the portions of the (ADIRUs) Air Data and Inertial
Calculated hybrid position using GPS and IRS positionsIRS position only if GPS failsRadio NavigationInternal NAV Database
How does ADIRS calculate present position (PPOS)?
(EIS) Electronic Instrument System(FMS)Engine computersFlight Control computersWarning Computers
What systems use the ADIRS data?
CA PFD, ND and upper ECAM
What does ADIRU 1 power?
Airspeed trendAttitude Indicator and BEta Target (slip/skid)Instant VSIHeadingAll ND info (except TAS)G load meter
What does the IR (Inertial Reference) supply data to ?
AirspeedAltitudeBackup VSI (amber boarder around VSI)TASTotal Air Temp (TAT) and Saturated Air Temp (SAT)
What does the AD (Air Data) supply data to ?
3 separate (ADIRUs) Air Data and Inertial Reference Units
What does ADIRS consist of?
Terrain Awareness DisplayTerrain Clearance FloorRunway Field Clearance FloorTERR pb
What are the 3 enhanced features of the GPWS? What pb contro
Basic simply looks at RA while enhanced looks and predicts terrain ahead.
What is the difference between the basic and enhanced GPWS f
SYS pb
What pb turns the basic functions off?
When landing Flaps 3 instead of FULL. Disables the warning.However, will warn when not at Flaps 3
Why would you push the the LDG FLAP 3pb?
Plan Mode
What mode will not allow you to display Terrain on the ND?
60 seconds
You get a Terrain Caution, how long until impact?
30 seconds
You get a Terrain Caution, how long until impact?
<160NM
At what range will Terrain warnings and cautions be displaye
System provides min altitudes at various ranges from airports, if airplane is lower than set min altitude you will get a “TOO LOW TERRAIN” alert
What is the Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF)?
The Runway Field Clearance Floor is for high altitude runways significantly higher than surrounding terrain.
What is the difference between the Terrain Clearance Floor a
You have lost:Terrain DisplayTerrain Clearance FloorRunway Field Clearance Floor
What happens when you get a FAULT light on the TERR pb?
All basic GPWS functions are lost but Enhanced features remain
What happens when you get a FAULT light on the SYS pb?
There are two sweeps, an upper and a lower. The upper detects short range weather and the lower, long range weather.
Why is it a multiscan radar?
Doppler effect of moisture ahead of the aircraft allows the radar to predict windshear ahead.
How does the windshear warning system work?
Tilt knob
When MAN is selected how can the crew adjust radar tilt?
Ground Clutter Suppression, eliminates ground returns, allowing for lower tilt angles than normal.
What does the GCS mode do?
WX Weather onlyWX+T Weather + TurbulenceTURB Turbulence onlyMAP Ground Mapping
What are the 4 radar modes?
+8
When MULTISCAN switch is set to AUTO, what should the gain b
The Tilt angle is reference to the horizon. So any pitch or roll will not affect the radar return.
When manually setting the tilt angle, what happens with when
Predictive Wind Shear system
What is the PWS switch?
Turbulence, 40 NM
What does MAGENTA represent on the ND radar screen? What is
Scan is 90 degrees until below 2300, then it is reduced to 60 degrees.Windshear is detected 30 degrees either side up to 5 NM. But range must be set to 10 NM for windshear to be displayed.
How is the radar scan changed during approach?
PWS switch…ONALT…below 1500Engine…runningTransponder…NOT in STBYRADAR does NOT have to be ON
What is the criteria for Predictive Windshear Alerts?
PWS…OFFSYS…OFFTransponder…STBY
How can you terminate radar emissions?
Below 50 AGLOn TO after passing 100 kts through 50 AGL
When are windshear alerts inhibited?
30-40 NM+/- 9900 feet
What is the range of detection?
Other - no threatProximate - no threat within 6NM and 1200’Traffic Advisory - Close but no collision (TCPA 40sec)Resolution Advisory - Collision Threat (TCPA 25sec)
What are the 4 types of traffic alerts?
SYS1 gets from ADR1SYS2 gets from ADR2
Where does the transponder gets ALT input from?
THRT TA or RA displayed only +/- 2700ALL all traffic +/- 2700ABV +9900(7000) / -2700BLW +2700 / -9900(-7000)
What does the Traffic Selector do?
TCAS selected to STBYBoth Transponders FAILBoth Radar Altimeters FAIL
When is a TCAS STBY memo displayed?
Corrective RA: climb/descendPreventative RA: No climb/descent required
What are the 2 types of RAs?
Ignore it or turn it off
What do you do with the FD during an RA?
If DMC1 fails, 2 auto replaces both ECAM, Capt. Lose PFD/ND.
What do you see if DMC 1, 2 or 3 fail?
Engine/Warning page replaces System/Status page on lower DU.
What happens if the UPPER ECAM screen fails?