Nature VS Nurture Flashcards
behavioral genetics
how genes and experience interact and produce the traits observed in people
genome
complete hereditary information
genotype
genetic blueprint inherited from parents
phenotype
developed characteristics
Down Symdrome
- extra chromosome 21
- round, flat face
- both brain size and body weight below average
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
- lack of a liver enzyme (cannot metabolize proteins)
- low IQ score
- hard time communicating
Kinefelter Syndrome
- two or more x chromosomes in males (xxy)
- less body hair
- breast development
- infertility
what is the difference between identical and fraternal twins ?
- identical twins are genetically the same (fertilized egg splits in half)
- fraternal twins are like siblings but born at the same time (two separate eggs fertilized by two separate sperm)
what did the twin and adoption studies show ?
that genes play a significant role in one’s development; much more compared to environment
how do environmental factors affect personality ?
they have little to no effect
what can parents influence (both biological and adoptive) ?
- attitudes
- values
- manners
- faith
- politics
heritability
- difference among people
- how much of the variation among people can be attributed to genes
mutation
errors in gene replication
adaptation
what does it mean to say a trait is adaptive ?
evolutionary success helps explain similarities because…
behaviors that contribute to survival (reasoning, emotions)
