Nature V Nurture Flashcards
Define Socialisation.
lifelong process where society members learn its norms, values, ideas and practices
Define Personality
Unique psychological make-up.
What is Trait Theory? Nature or Nurture? What does it feature?
Nature [Genetics]. Innate characteristics produces consistent behaviour. Trait theory attempts to predict behaviour.
Features:
- Individuals born with innate characteristics that are stable, enduring and stay the same in different situations.
- Behaviour is consistent.
What is Social Learning Approach? Nature or Nurture?
Nurture [How we are raised].
Suggests behaviour is learned from significant others.
Explains how personality develops and changes with the situation.
Observe > Identify > Reinforce > Copy.
What is Lewin’s Interactionist Theory? Nature or Nurture?
Both. A theory that combines trait and social learning in order to predict behaviour in a specific situation.
Behaviour is a function of personality and environment. [B=F(PxE)]
What is Hollander’s Structure of Personality?
- Core - stable, unlikely to change. Beliefs and values.
- Typical Response or Trait - Way you usually respond to situations.
- Role-Related Behaviour - changeable, inconsistent to situations.
Define Credulous Approach.
When the link between personality and behaviour is accepted.
Define Sceptical Approach.
When the link between personality and behaviour is doubted.
Why do some sports psychologists think it is difficult to predict behaviour in sport? Refer to credulous approach.
- behaviour changes as competition increases
- personality tests that predict behaviour has been used as part of talent identification
- certain personality types can be linked to elite performers
Why do some sports psychologists think it is difficult to predict behaviour in sport? Refer to Sceptical approach.
- there is no link between personality and sport
- behaviour can change during the game
- personality research can be invalid and unreliable
