Natural Selection And Genetic Modification Flashcards
What is evolution?
A gradual change in the inherited traits within a population over time, occurs due to natural selection
What is Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection?
individual organisms within a particular species show a wide range of variation for a characteristic ‘survival of the fittest’
Why is the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria a good study of evolution?
Bacteria reproduce very rapidly, allowing the first-hand observation of evolution
How does the role of Wallace in the development of the theory of evolution by natural selection?
He proposed a theory of natural selection that was similar to Darwin’s, he gathered greater evidence to support the theory
What fossils have provided evidence for human evolution?
Ardi- 4.4 million years old
Lucy- 3.2 million years old
Leakey- 1.6 million years old
What clues does ‘Ardi’ give scientists about human evolution?
- Ape-like characteristics
- Human-like characteristics
What clues does ‘Lucy’ give scientists about human evolution?
- The structure of bones in her legs and feet are more adapted to walking than climbing
- Brain size is closer to that of an ape’s
How did Leakey’s findings provide evidence for human evolution?
Similar brain size
How has the development of stone tools provided evidence for evolution?
- correlation between the development of more complex tools and an increase in brain size
What methods are used by scientists to date tools?
- Carbon-14 dating
- Stratigraphy
What is a pentadactyl limb?
Limb with 5 digits
-animals, birds, reptiles
What’s is classification?
Organisation of organisms into groups
What is the classification of taxonomy?
KINGDOM
PHYLUM
CLASS
ORDER
FAMILY
GENUS
SPECIES
What are the 5 kingdoms?
ANIMALS
PLANTS
FUNGI
PROTISTS
PROKARYOTES
What is selective breeding?
Humans artificially select organisms with desirable characteristics and breed them to produce offspring with similar phenotypes
