B6: Plant Structure and Function

Question 1

what are the 4 structures of a plant?

Answer 1

*stem
*roots
*flower
*leaf

Question 2

how does carbon dioxide enter the plant so photosynthesis can take place?

Answer 2

through the stomata on the underside of the leaves by osmosis

Question 3

how does water enter the plant so photosynthesis can take place?

Answer 3

enters the root hair cells by osmosis

Question 4

how does sunlight enter the plant so photosynthesis can take place?

Answer 4

through the leaves

Question 5

what’s the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 5

Carbon Dioxide + Water -> Glucose + Oxygen

Question 6

what’s the symbol equation for photosynthesis? (balanced)

Answer 6

6Co2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 7

what’s the importance of photosynthesis?

Answer 7

it’s how plants and algae make their own food, making them producers

Question 8

what’s biomass?

Answer 8

mass of living material at a specific stage in a food chain

Question 9

endothermic reactions…

Answer 9

take in energy from the surroundings

Question 10

exothermic reactions…

Answer 10

transfer energy to the surroundings

Question 11

why is photosynthesis an endothermic reaction?

Answer 11

it needs an input of energy from the environment, this energy comes from light energy from the sun

Question 12

What happens in a stomata?

Answer 12

*carbon dioxide moves in
*oxygen leaves the leaf
*water can also evaporate through them

Question 13

how is a stomata opened and closed?

Answer 13

guard cells

Question 14

what happens to the guard cell in bright light?

Answer 14

takes in water by osmosis and becomes plump and turgid, opens the stomata

Question 15

what happens to the guard cell in low light?

Answer 15

loses water by osmosis and becomes flaccid, stomata closes

Question 16

CORE PRACTICAL

Answer 16

1. Add 15 algal balls to each bottle.
2. Add 50ml of hydrogen carbonate indicator to each bottle.
3. Record the pH of each bottle at the start using the hydrogen
   carbonate key.
4. Place the bottles at 20cm intervals along a metre ruler with a
   lamp at one end. Ensure there is a heat filter between the
   bottles and lamp.
5. Cover an additional bottle in kitchen foil and place it at 20cm
   from the lamp.
6. Turn on the lamp and leave for 60 minutes.
7. Record the final pH of each bottle using the key.

Question 17

what are the factors affecting photosynthesis?

Answer 17

carbon dioxide, water, sunlight and chlorophyll

Question 18

what are the factors affecting transpiration?

Answer 18

temperature, air movement and light intensity

Question 19

Describe how sucrose is transported around the plant by translocation

Answer 19

in phloem vessels

Question 20

What’s active transport?

Answer 20

The movement of particles across a cell membrane
from a region of lower concentration to a region of
higher concentration

Question 21

What’s translocation?

Answer 21

The transport of sugars (mainly sucrose) and other soluble compounds in the phloem tissue of a plant.

Question 22

Whats transpiration?

Answer 22

The flow of water into a root, up the stem and out of the leaves.

Question 23

What do xylem vessels carry?

Answer 23

Water and dissolved mineral salts through the plant.