C2: States of Matter and Separating Solutions

Question 1

describe the arrangement, movement, and relative energy of the particles of the 3 states of matter.

Answer 1

solid -> liquid = melting
liquid -> solid = freezing
liquid -> gas = boiling
gas -> liquid = condensing

Question 2

what is a chemical change?

Answer 2

where a new product has been formed

Question 3

at temperatures below the melting point what will the substance be?

Answer 3

solid

Question 4

at temperatures above the melting point but below boiling point what will the substance be?

Answer 4

liquid

Question 5

at temperatures above the boiling point what will the substance be?

Answer 5

gas

Question 6

what is a mixture?

Answer 6

2 or more elements or compounds not chemically combined together

Question 7

what is a pure substance?

Answer 7

single element or compound not mixed with any other substance
- substance that has had nothing added to it

Question 8

when is simple distillation used?

Answer 8

separate s solvent from a solution
- useful for producing water from salt solution

Question 9

what is fractional distillation?

Answer 9

used to separate different liquids from a mixture of liquids

Question 10

how do you calculate the Rf value?

Answer 10

Rf = distance travelled by substance/ distance travelled by solvent