B7: Hormones

Question 1

what is homeostasis?

Answer 1

the maintenance of the internal body conditions

Question 2

what hormones are transported throughout the body?

Answer 2

blood plasma -> liquid part of the blood

Question 3

blood glucose concentration is decreased by…

Answer 3

insulin released from the pancreas

Question 4

what is the cause of type 1 diabetes?

Answer 4

pancreas cannot produce insulin

Question 5

what is the cause of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 5

pancreas does not produce enough insulin OR cells become resistant to insulin

Question 6

what are the control variables of type 2 diabetes?

Answer 6

-BMI/ weight
-age
-gender
-diet

Question 7

how can you control your diet to help treat type 2 diabetes?

Answer 7

-reduce carbohydrate levels
-make sure blood glucose levels don’t rise too high

Question 8

BMI calculation:

Answer 8

Mass/height2

Question 9

days 1-5 of the menstrual cycle

Answer 9

uterus lining is shed

Question 10

days 1-14 of the menstrual cycle

Answer 10

uterus lining thickens as oestrogen levels rise and the egg matures

Question 11

day 14 of the menstrual cycle

Answer 11

ovulation
-the release of an egg

Question 12

after day 14 of the menstrual cycle

Answer 12

-if egg is fertilised it implants in the uterus lining
-progesterone levels rise to maintain uterus lining

Question 13

if the egg is not fertilised…

Answer 13

-progesterone levels fall
-uterus lining breaks down

Question 14

what are the male and female sex chromosomes?

Answer 14

MALE- xy
FEMALE- xx

Question 15

what do endocrine glands do?

Answer 15

make and secrete hormones into the body

Question 16

how many days is the menstrual cycle

Answer 16

approximately 28 days

Question 17

what two hormones are released by the pituitary gland?

Answer 17

FSH- stimulates eggs to mature in ovaries (triggers rise in oestrogen)
LH- trigger’s ovulation

Question 18

why is glucose important?

Answer 18

vital for respiration, allows the body to release energy

Question 19

what happens if blood glucose becomes too high?

Answer 19

it can lead to damage to cells and organs

Question 20

Where is FSH released, what does it stimulate and trigger?

Answer 20

Pituitary gland, stimulates eggs to mature in ovaries, triggers rise in oestrogen

Question 21

Where is oestrogen released, what does it cause and trigger?

Answer 21

Ovaries, causes lining of uterus to thicken, triggers rise in LH

Question 22

Where is LH released, what does it trigger?

Answer 22

Pituitary gland, triggers ovulation (day 14)

Question 23

What does progesterone cause levels to do?

Answer 23

Levels rise after day 14 of menstrual cycle and continues to rise till day 23 and then falls

Question 24

What happens if progesterone levels fall after day 23?

Answer 24

Woman is not pregnant

Question 25

What happens to the uterus lining if the woman is pregnant?

Answer 25

Thickens, progesterone levels are maintained, embryo embeds in the lining