Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ECP > Natural Resource Management (UK and Nepal) > Flashcards

Natural Resource Management (UK and Nepal) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Hidden Hand?

A

Each individual is led by an invisible hand - private markets are efficient on their own without government interference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is utilitarianism?

A

Greatest happiness for the greatest number of people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a public good?

A

Accessible to the public and not owned by anyone
Non-rivalrous - consumption by 1 person doesn’t reduce the amount of good for another
Non-excludable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When was UK nearly free of woodland?

A

1086

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was the state of UK forest in 1900?

A

England and Wales 4%

Scotland and Ireland 2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When was there government intervention on British forestry?

A

1919 strategic defence after WW1
1930s Rural employment
1940s strategic defence after WW2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When and what discount rate was applied to British forests?

A

1950s - 1970s

3%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When was the British Forestry Act? + what?

A

1967

In order to balance the needs for timber supply with conservation and enhancement of natural beauty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When was the UK Forest Policy? + what?

A

1991
Sustainable management of existing forest
Steady expansion of tree cover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How much woodland in UK 1990s?

A

10%

2 million ha of productive woodland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the state of English forestry today?

A

75% of England’s woodlands are privately owned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the other 25% of forest owned up?

A

Forestry commision - public good

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Types of property rights?

A

Open access
Private
State controlled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Give 4 examples of common pool resources?

A

Water/sea, fisheries, rangelands, forests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the problems with Common Pool Resources?

A

It is difficult to exclude potential users
Subtractable and rivalrous
Managed under common property regime - transaction costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the benefits of a Common Property Regime?

A 
Social equity - all have equal access
Resource heterogeneity 
Resource reduction and insurance 
Common interest for sustainability of the resource
Community cooperation
17
Q

Geography of Nepal?

A

High topographic variation

Shares Mt Everest with China

18
Q

Nepalese society?

A

Social discrimination in form of Caste system

19
Q

How many Nepalese make their livelihoods from agriculture?

A

80%

20
Q

When did Nepalese government nationalise the forests? and what impact did it have?

A

1957

Local people lost access and livelihoods and general quality decline due to illegal exploitation

21
Q

What happened in 1976 Nepal Forestry? and why?

A

Community Forest Management introduced to ensure local ownership, enhance quality and improve equitable access

22
Q

% of Nepal population Dalit in 2011?

A

13.1%

23
Q

What is the social impact of being Dalit?

A

-48% poverty
-40% literacy
- 60% childhood malnutrition
- 85% food deficiency
48 years life expectancy

24
Q

How are Dalits able to improve their situation?

A

By moving from rural locations to urban, commercialising their traditional occupations and advancing their education

25
Q

What was the unintended impact of the Community Forest Management in Nepal?

A

Poorest people carried the greatest transactions costs

Management was geared towards the rich

26
Q

What are the 3 types of Irrigation Systems in Nepal?

A

Government Managed Systems
Farmer managed
Jointly managed

27
Q

What is the most important factor for increasing agricultural productivity in Nepal?

A

Access and control over irrigation

28
Q

Impact of Dalit identity on irrigation?

A

Tail-enders due to lack of land ownership and economic disadvantages, meaning limited access to water

29
Q

What is the purpose of a generic common property management scheme?

A

Poverty reduction, local economic development, biodiversity conservation

30
Q

What did Adhikari and Lovett (2006) find about transactions costs in Nepalese resource management?

A

Poorer share 26% of TC

Rich 14%

31
Q

What policy did Welsh Gov pass in 2018?

A

Banning of Pheasant shooting on Welsh Land

32
Q

Who drove the 3 year long campaign for Pheasant Shooting Ban?

A

Animal Aid and League Against Cruel Sports

33
Q

How many people signed petition to ban Pheasant shooting?

A

12,500

34
Q

% of Welsh public against Pheasant shooting?

A

75%

35
Q

Problems with Pheasant Shooting

A

Inhumane - pheasant often suffer
Other native predators are killed to secure stocks
Affects biodiversity

36
Q

When was UK covered with Wildwood?

A

10,000 years ago post Ice Age

37
Q

When did human civilisation begin to impact UK forest?

A

Stone Age 8,000 year ago

38
Q

When was there little forest left in UK?

A

Throughout Iron Age and by Middle Ages

ECP (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions