Natural Hazards and disasters Flashcards
What is a hazard?
A process, phenomenon or human activity that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation.
Name things that a hazard can cause
- cause loss of life injury or other health impacts
- property damage
- social and economic disruption
- environmental degradation
Can a hazard become a disaster?
Yes
Hazards can be either…
Natural or Anthropogenic.
What is another word for “man-made”?
Anthropogenic which means induced entirely or predominantly by human activities and choices.
What is a disaster?
Serious disruption of the functioning of a community/society at any scale due to hazardous events interacting with conditions of exposure, vulnerability and capacity.
What can disasters lead to? (5)
it can lead to one or more of the following:
human, material, economic and environmental losses and impacts.
What is the meaning of natural hazards?
Natural Hazards are associated with natural processes and phenomena
Name two types of natural hazards-
Tectonic Hazards
Hydro-meteorological Hazards
What are tectonic hazards? (2)
Volcanic Eruptions and Earthquakes
What are Hydro-meteorological Hazards? (4)
Flooding, Landslides and Hurricanes, Droughts
What are some examples of Anthropogenic Hazards? (6)
- Pandemics
- Cyber attacks
- Oil Spills
- Diseases
- Chemical spills/ emissions
- Building collapses
What is disaster risk management?
the application of disaster risk reduction policies and strategies to
- prevent new disaster risk
- reduce existing disaster risk
- manage residual risk
Managing a disastrous situation contributes to-
the strengthening of resilience and reduction of disaster losses
By proper management what can we reduce?
we can reduce the impact of a hazard by reducing our risk or exposure.
In some cases, we can avoid the hazard
What is the disaster management willing to do if the hazard is viewed a being weak/small?
we may be willing to accept or live with the risk if we view it as being small.
What is the meaning of risk of a hazard?
The risk of a hazard is the measure of what could possibly happen if that hazard occurred.
what is a function of hazard, exposure, vulnerability and capacity?
The potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets which could occur to a system, society or a community in a specific period of time
How do you measure risk?
Risk can be calculated using the following equation:
Risk = Probability of Hazard x Degree of Vulnerability
What is the hazard based on? (chile idk how to state this)
the frequency and magnitude of a hazard
What is the degree of vulnerability?
Vulnerability is the measure of those elements or aspects of the environment which are susceptible to the hazard or damaging effects of a hazardous situation.
What are the 4 stages of the disaster management cycle?
Response, recovery, Mitigation, Preparation
What is the meaning of hazard prevention?
The prevention of risks in an emergency
What is the meaning of Hazard Mitigation?
any sustained action taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to life and property from hazard events.
What is the meaning of Vulnerability?
the inability to resist a hazard or when to respond when a disaster has occurred.
What is the meaning of Emergency?
A serious, unexpected, and often dangerous situation requiring immediate action
What is the meaning of Disaster Preparedness?
measures taken to prepare for and reduce the effects of disasters. That is, to predict and—where possible—prevent them, mitigate their impact on vulnerable populations, and respond to and effectively cope with their consequences.
