National Parks Flashcards
Painting by Albert Bierstadt (Hudson River School)
“Looking down Yosemite Valley” 1865
slightly exaggerates “improves” upon nature, painting sizes increased to match scale of landscape (10’ painting), American sublime landscape
Painting by Thomas Cole
“A view of 2 lakes and Mountain House, Castskills Mountains” 1844
beautiful landscape but not sublime, painted looking west toward the future
Catskills vs Yosemite
Pastoral vs Sublime
1803 Louisiana Purchase
By 1848 boundary of country is complete
expansion moved East to West
Thomas Moran painting (Hudson River School)
Painting of Yellowstone geysers, painted after 1871 Hayden geological survey in Yosemite that Moran went on in order to document the area, WH Jackson went as well and took photographs, landscape was impossible to describe
Hayden Geological Survey of 1871
Yellowstone is designated the first National Park 1 year after survey in 1872
John Muir + Teddy Roosevelt in Yosemite
Roosevelt created several National Parks and Antiquities Act, John Muir represents the preservation side of Roosevelts administration - he was vehemently opposed to hetch hetchy dam
Gifford Pinchot (Chief of US Forest Service) + Teddy Roosevelt
Double role of Roosevelt as a protector of wilderness through NPs but also allowed detrimental development as represented by Pinochot who was opposed to wilderness preservation for scenery or natural value, was a staunch supporter of damning hetch hetchy valley
Tennessee Valley River Project 1933
Was a flood prone and very depressed rural area, plan to build dams that would provide electricity and economic development and erosion control
By Franklin Roosevelt, generally successful, one of the biggest environmental planning project ever attempted
Benton MacKaye
Forester and Environmental Activist
Concieved of idea for Appalachian Trail in his book “An Appalacian Trail: A project in regional Planning” 1921
By 1937 2000 mi of Appalachian Trail completed mostly by volunteers
Appalachian Trail Plan
1925 Conference on Appalacian Trail
by 1937 2000 mi built
Goals: 1. long distance recreation opportunities
- economic prosperity to isolated rural communities
- Camp nodes for farmimg, craftwork
- citizen involvement in Natural resource management
Civilian Conservation Corps
1933-1942
Part of New Deal under Franklin Roosevelt
Meant to put young men to work during depression, building state parks and forest trails
Teddy’s Antiquities Act
Antiquities Act made the establishment of national monuments an administrative action that was quicker and far more easy to execute.
