Garden City Beautiful Flashcards
Industrialization changed the home life. Women and children taken from home industries and employed in factories - esp textile factories
Industrialization created excessive pollution
Lowell, Mass -
steam to power textile factories required factories to be located at water’s edge
View toward Manchester, 1820, Thomas Pether
(pre industrialization of city)
Manchester from Kersal Moor, 1857, William Wyld
- manufacturing city spreading into ag fields
1888: “the dirties, ugliest and most depressing town in England”
Poverty Map of London - pockets of poverty
sewage flows from west to east in the Thames. More wealth in the healthier west side of London, along with more green space
3 Magnets: Town (closing out of nature) // Country // Town-Country
Garden City Concept, 6000 acres each (36000 acres total)
Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928)
Six Satellite Garden Cities surround ‘Center City’
- idea similar to the Ideal City by Sforzida
Letchworth, Barry Parker & Raymond Unwin, 1903
Garden city concept as applied
Welwyn Garden City, Fredric Osborn, architect, 1920
Garden city concept as applied
L’Exposition Universalle, Paris, 1889
*** modernity - all manufactured, even buildings look like warehouses complete with smoke stakes - elegant and opulent but exposed structure
World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893
Raises bar from French exposition. held on water, Lake Michigan vs not in middle of city, people arrive by baot, Beaux Art planning -differs from French exhibit
Axial, formal - called the ‘White City’
World’s Columbian Exposition, “White City” Chicago, 1893
Electrified by GE
Celebrating Columbus discovering America
McMillan Plan for Mall in Wash DC, 1901-12
** Best example of City Beautiful in US
ties together peopl, president & important founders
-brings heros to people
incorporation of Beaux Art and Garden City becomes ‘City Beautiful’
