Narrative Development Flashcards
What is a narrative?
A main part of discourse in which experiences are turned into stories
What function(s) does a narrative serve?
provide a way to represent events, stories, characters, and ideas; a means to share or affirm issues or values; illustrate personal experiences, retell stories or tales, or create spontaneous stories
What are features of narratives?
defining feature of humanity; shared or unidirectional (i.e., monologue); event-based and ordered in a sequence; decontextualized (listener may not have the same experience); purposeful (convey information, share support for belief, or share culture)
What are three elements of a mature narrative?
plot, setting, and episodes
What is the plot?
organizing theme of a narrative
What is the setting?
characters involved, time and location of the story
What are episodes?
series of events
What do all episodes have?
Initiating event or complication (cause and effect starts from here) –> internal response (main character’s internal feelings) —> reaction (plan of action in response to the initiating event) —-> —-> attempt to solve the problem —-> consequence (character achieves their goals) —-> resolution (main character’s reaction to consequences) —-> ending
What are prenarratives (also known as protonarratives)?
First stage of narrative development that develops from birth to 2 years; known as heaps: sets of disjointed information about a key character or event; lacks a cause and effect, sequencing, and a story line
What is chaining?
2nd stage of narrative development that develops around 2 to 3 years old; events are linked because they share similar features; they are connected or chained fron one event to the next chronologically. They may not understand appropriate temporal words. (E.g., Yesterday, when I was born)
What are centering/primitive narratives?
3rd stage of narrative development that develops around 3 to 4 years old; narratives based on a person or event that are unorganized and complementary (i.e., involve related concepts).
What are narratives - real plot?
4th stage of narrative development:
Consists of two parts:
Unfocused chains around 5 years old: one event leads to another with character shift and the story elements are linked
Focused chains around 9 years old:
events focus on a character going through connected events and it may not have the character’s motivations for actions
What is a true or complete narrative?
The 5th stage of narrative development that develops around ages 10 - 12 years old; has all elements of a mature narrative (i.e., plot, setting, and episodes), the stories contain an intro, solid plot, climax, and ending
What is a complex narrative?
The final stage of narrative development that develops around ages 13 and older; it contains main and supporting characters as well as subplots
