Names Names Names Flashcards
Wolff-Chaikoff Effect
reduction in thyroid hormone production from too much iodine consumption
Jod Basedow Phenomenon
thyrotoxicosis if patient with iodine deficiency goiter is made iodine repleat
HYPERthyroidism (toxic multinodular goiter)
Wolff-Parkinson-White
Treatment?
A pre-excitation syndrome of the heart. caused by the presence of an abnormal accessory electrical conduction pathway between the atria and the ventricles, resulting in a unique type of supraventricular tachycardia
Delta waves on EKG
Tx: Procanimide and ablation
Chvostek’s Sign
When the facial nerve is tapped at the angle of the jaw, the facial muscles on the same side of the face will contract momentarily (typically a twitch of the nose or lips) because of hypocalcemia
Trousseau’s Sign
bp cuff is placed around the arm and inflated to a pressure greater than systolic bp and held for 3 min, occluding the brachial artery. In the absence of blood flow, the patient’s hypocalcemia and subsequent neuromuscular irritability will induce spasm of the muscles of the hand and forearm. The wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints flex, the DIP and PIP joints extend, and the fingers adduct.
Trousseau’s Syndrome
migratory thrombophlebitis in cancer patients
DiGeorge Syndrome
22q11.2 deletion.
Third and Fourth pharyngeal pouches do not develop into the thymus.
Athymic
Sheehan’s Syndrome
hypopituitarism caused by ischemic necrosis due to blood loss and hypovolemic shock during and after childbirth.
Kimmelsteil-Wilson Nodules
mesangial expansion, GBM thickening, eosinophilic nodular glomerusclerosis seen on light microscopy in Diabetic glomerularnephropathy
Kussmal’s Sign
a paradoxical rise in jugular venous pressure (JVP) on inspiration. It can be seen in some forms of heart disease and is usually indicative of limited right ventricular filling due to right heart failure.
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
gastrin secreting tumor of pancreas or duodenum causing recurrent ulcers.
stomach has rugal thickening with hypersecretion
can be spontaneous or part of MEN1
Plummer Disease
single toxic nodule (adenoma) which may present with the background of a suppressed multinodular goitre
Kussmal Respirations
rapid and deep breathing sign of DKA
deQuervain’s Thyroiditis
subacute thyroidisits
self-limited HYPOthyroidism often following flu like symptoms)
may be hyperthyroid early in course
Reidel’s thyroidistis
thyroid is replaced by fibrous tissue
“rock-hard” thyroid
Homer-Wright pseudo rosette
small blue cells arranged around central pink neural fibrils
Seen in Neurobalstoma tumors
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
acute primary adrenal insufficiency due to adrenal hemorrhage
associated with N. meningitidis
Addison’s Disease
chronic primary adrenal insufficiency due to adrenal atrophy
presents: low aldosterone, cortisol, hypotension, hyperkalemia, acidosis, skin hyperpigmentation
Meigs Syndrome
triad of ascites, pleural effusion and benign ovarian tumor
Conn’s Syndrome
aldosterone- producing adenoma
causes primary hyperaldosteronism
treat with sprinolactone and/or surgical resection
Good Pasture’s
autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack the lungs and kidneys, leading to bleeding from the lungs and to kidney failure.
Zellweger Syndrome
AR Leukodystrophy
mutations in genes that encode peroxins, proteins required for the normal assembly of peroxisomes. This causes impaired peroxisome function so tissues accumulate very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) and branched chain fatty acids (BCFA) (normally degraded in peroxisomes)
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
AR disorder that arises from a microtubule polymerization defect which leads to a decrease in phagocytosis. The decrease in phagocytosis results in recurrent pyogenic infections, partial albinism and peripheral neuropathy.
Karategner Syndrome
immotile cilia due to a dyein arm defect. results in male and female infertility, bronchiectasis and recurrent sinusitis
associated with situs inversus (organs on other side of body)
