Myra Levine

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MYRA LEVINE

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Conservation Theory

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In this theory, nursing aims to promote adaptation and maintain wholeness using the four principles of conservation.

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Conservation Theory

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comes from the Anglo-Saxon word ha-l

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Wholeness / Health / Integrity

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is the avenue of return to the daily activities compromised by ill health.

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Healing

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— the process by which individuals ‘fit’ the environments in which they live.”

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Adaptation

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is critical for conserving wholeness in the midst of constant environmental change.

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Adaptation

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3 Characteristics of Adaptation:

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• Historicity
• Specificity
• Redundancy

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patterned responses passed on through genetics

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Historicity

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unique adaptive responses to specific environmental challenges

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Specificity

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availability of multiple adaptive responses

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Redundancy

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Environment:

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• Internal environment - Physiological & Pathophysiological processes
• External environment (POC) - Perceptual, Operational, Conceptual

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• Bernard identified the primordial seas, integument of the human body with a tightly regulated solution
• Man carried the essentials
  with him, safely packaged inside his skin”

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Internal environment

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aspects of the world that individuals intercept and interpret with their sense organs

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Perceptual

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environmental components that physically affect individuals, although they cannot directly perceive them (microorganisms)

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Operational

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4 Levels of Protective Organismic Response

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1. Response to Fear (Fight or Flight)
2. Inflammatory-immune response
3. Response to stress
4. Sensory response

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characterized by cultural patterns, spirituality, and aspects mediated

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Conceptual

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— the most primitive response
— adrenocortical- sympathetic reactions
— Hospitalization, illness, and new experiences elicit this response

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1. Response to Fear (Fight or Flight)

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— Protects the organism from irritants and pathogens
— Way of healing; it drains energy reserves
— NI focus: minimizing tissue damage, minimize exposure to irritants

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2. Inflammatory-immune response

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— Selye’s model predictable behavioral and biological responses (adrenocortical hormones) to various nonspecific stressors of life.
— Long-term stress can take a toll on the individual, leading to a state of exhaustion.

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3. Response to stress

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— Perceptual awareness as individuals experience the world around them through sensory stimuli.
— Responsiveness to this sensory
input maintain safety and seek wholeness.

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4. Sensory response

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focuses on enhancing adaptation and improving well-being.

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Therapeutic nursing care

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has a conservative function, support the patient’s adaptive efforts to achieve the best available environmental fit, thus conserving wholeness and integrity.

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Nursing

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Myra Levine’s Four Conservation Principles

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• personal integrity
• energy
• structural integrity
• social integrity

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are used when nursing care is unable
to improve the adaptive response or “fail to halt a downhill course”, including nursing care for the dying patient.

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Supportive interventions

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— Latin word conservatio

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— “to keep together”.

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refers to balancing energy input and output to avoid excessive fatigue

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Conservation of Energy

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Refers to maintaining or restoring the
structure of body preventing physical
breakdown and promote healing

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Structural Integrity

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Value of self-identity, self-worth, and self-respect

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Personal Integrity

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reflected in dynamic relationships among human beings ( family, a community, a religious group, an ethnic group, a political system, and a nation)

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Social Integrity