Myocarditis

Question 1

Define Myocarditis

Answer 1

Inflamation of the myocardium (middle layer of cells in the heart-the muscle)
WITH NO ISCHEMIA
large group-infectious, immune, non immune (drugs)

Question 2

Aetiology and risk factors of Myocarditis

Answer 2

Tends to be in <50s
IDIOPATHIC-50%
VIRAL-Flu, hepatitis HIV
Bacterial-TB, Clostridia, mycoplasma) -most common
AUTOIMMUNE
Protozoa (chagas myocarditis)
Drugs (penicillin, sulfoamine, methydopa)
Toxins
Vasculitis

Question 3

Edpidiemology of myocarditis

Answer 3

hard to tell, but often missed and causes other things (cardiomyopathies)

Question 4

Symptoms of Myocarditis

Answer 4

Fatigue, dyspnoea, Chest pain, palpitation
Fever, tachycardia
Dizzyness/syncope

So unspecific-consider via Hx of viral infection recent

Question 5

Signs of Myocarditis

Answer 5

Rales, elevated neck veins, S3 gallop (Typical finding in patients with CHF secondary to myocarditis.)
can get audible pericardial rub
Peripheral hypoperfusion
Tachycardia
Soft S1, presence of S4
(total can hear S1,2,3,4 POTENTIALLY)

Question 6

Tests for Myocarditis

Answer 6

ECG-common to see ST elevation/depression-NOT MI)
QRS / QT prolongation., T wave inversion
Tachycardia, atrial arrhythmia, possible AV block

Blood test-positive Troponin if NOT MI, and risk factors can be diagnostic

CXR-reveal oedema related to CHF
Same with B peptide

echocardiogram