Mitrial Regurg

Question 1

Define Mitral regurgitation

Answer 1

Abberation to the Mitral valve which causes blood to still being able to flow when valve is closed (systole)

Question 2

Aetiology and risk factors of Mitral Regurgitation?

Answer 2

Aetiology-any damage to any part of the valve can cause it to behave abberently

Risk factors:
Often caused by Infective endocarditis. Congenital (marinas), rheumatic, age,
Hx of MI, cardiac trauma, IHD, dopamergic drugs

Question 3

Epidiemology of mitral regurgitation

Answer 3

unclear but commonish

Question 4

Symptoms of Mitral regurgitation

Answer 4

Often asymtomatic (valve <2cm)
Dyspnoae (especially execise), fatigue, palpitation, 
Low exercise tolerance,
Lower limb oedema 
Any symptoms of infective endocarditis

Question 5

Signs of Mitrial regurgitation

Answer 5

AF
Displaced apex
RV heave
SOFT S1, split S2, loud pan systolic murmur radiating to axilla
holosystolic, blowing murmur

Lower extremity oedema

Question 6

Test for Mitrial regurgitation

Answer 6

ECG-possible AF, P-mitriale (left atrial big), LVH
CXR-big LA/LV, Mitral valve calcification, Pulm oedema

Echocardiogram-assess function and origin of the mitral regurg
cardiac catheter to confirm

manage with anticoagulation, control AF, control oedema, valve repair