Mycology

Question 1

Fungi: general

Answer 1

Eukaryotic, non-photosynthetic, Heterotrophic, non-motile, aerobic, spore-bearing, cell wall, capsule

Question 2

Fungi Cell wall contains

Answer 2

Ergosterol- chitin, cellulose, proteins and lipids

Question 3

Unicellular species of fungi are called

Answer 3

Yeast

Question 4

Yeast: general

Answer 4

oval/spherical cells, unicellular

pseudohyphae- chains of long, stretched tubes

Question 5

Main tubular stucture of growing form is called

Answer 5

Hyphae
divided by cross-walls called septa
dark pigmented (dematiaceous) or non-pigmented (hyaline)

Question 6

Fungi that can change form with the temp are called

Answer 6

Dimorphic fungi
Mycelial form (room temp) to yeast (37 C)

Question 7

Fungi repro types

Answer 7

sexual (uncommon)
asexual
-Sporulation
-Fragmentation of hyphae
-Budding of yeast cells

Question 8

Fungi do not normally infect healthy animals except for ___

Answer 8

Dermatophytes

Question 9

Fungi infections are normally ___ immunity

Answer 9

Cell-mediated immunit

antibodies produced are not protective

Question 10

Most fungi lesions are

Answer 10

granulomatous

Question 11

T or F

Isolated fungi are not often contaminated

Answer 11

False

can be contaminated

Question 12

Treatment of fungi infections targets

Answer 12

Ergosterol- amphotericin B disrupts replication
Cell wall synthesis- azoles
Mitotic separation- grisofulvin (can affect host cells, teratogen)

Question 13

Common name of Dermatophytes

Answer 13

Ringworm

Dermatophytosis

Question 14

Ringworm parasitizes

Answer 14

Keratinized epidermal structures

Question 15

Ascomycota: general

Answer 15

Slow growing- yellow/tan/white colonies

produce macro/micro-conidia in culture

Question 16

Types of macrocondia

Answer 16

Microsporum- large, thick-walled, septate, fusiform

Trichophyton-cigar shaped, smooth, thin or thick walled

Question 17

ringworm virulence factors

Answer 17

proteolytic enzymes, synergistic with other bacteria, arthrospores

Question 18

Ringworm Transmission

Answer 18

Direct contact, fomites

Question 19

ringworm clinical signs

Answer 19

Ringworm lesion
hypertropy of stratum corneum, alopecia
later- inflammatory reponse

Question 20

Ringworm often has a co-infection with

Answer 20

Staph

Question 21

Ringworm is also referred to as

Answer 21

Tinea (+ location)

Question 22

Ringworm: diagnosis

Answer 22

Lesion, apple green color under UV light
Hyphae or athroconidia seen in scrapings - stains, culture
Dermatophyte test medium (DTM), rapid sporulation medium

Question 23

Gather scraping samples from ___ of lesion

Answer 23

Margins of lesion

Question 24

Ringworm: treatment

Answer 24

isolation of infected, lime sulfur/miconazole shampoo, systemic therapies
burn bedding, disinfect

Question 25

Ringworm in other species

Answer 25

Cattle- T. verrucosum
Horses- T. equinum
Pigs- M. nanum
Poultry (favus)- M. gallinae