Mycology Flashcards
Fungi: general
Eukaryotic, non-photosynthetic, Heterotrophic, non-motile, aerobic, spore-bearing, cell wall, capsule
Fungi Cell wall contains
Ergosterol- chitin, cellulose, proteins and lipids
Unicellular species of fungi are called
Yeast
Yeast: general
oval/spherical cells, unicellular
pseudohyphae- chains of long, stretched tubes
Main tubular stucture of growing form is called
Hyphae
divided by cross-walls called septa
dark pigmented (dematiaceous) or non-pigmented (hyaline)
Fungi that can change form with the temp are called
Dimorphic fungi Mycelial form (room temp) to yeast (37 C)
Fungi repro types
sexual (uncommon) asexual -Sporulation -Fragmentation of hyphae -Budding of yeast cells
Fungi do not normally infect healthy animals except for ___
Dermatophytes
Fungi infections are normally ___ immunity
Cell-mediated immunit
antibodies produced are not protective
Most fungi lesions are
granulomatous
T or F
Isolated fungi are not often contaminated
False
can be contaminated
Treatment of fungi infections targets
Ergosterol- amphotericin B disrupts replication
Cell wall synthesis- azoles
Mitotic separation- grisofulvin (can affect host cells, teratogen)
Common name of Dermatophytes
Ringworm
Dermatophytosis
Ringworm parasitizes
Keratinized epidermal structures
Ascomycota: general
Slow growing- yellow/tan/white colonies
produce macro/micro-conidia in culture
Types of macrocondia
Microsporum- large, thick-walled, septate, fusiform
Trichophyton-cigar shaped, smooth, thin or thick walled
ringworm virulence factors
proteolytic enzymes, synergistic with other bacteria, arthrospores
Ringworm Transmission
Direct contact, fomites
ringworm clinical signs
Ringworm lesion
hypertropy of stratum corneum, alopecia
later- inflammatory reponse
Ringworm often has a co-infection with
Staph
Ringworm is also referred to as
Tinea (+ location)
Ringworm: diagnosis
Lesion, apple green color under UV light
Hyphae or athroconidia seen in scrapings - stains, culture
Dermatophyte test medium (DTM), rapid sporulation medium
Gather scraping samples from ___ of lesion
Margins of lesion
Ringworm: treatment
isolation of infected, lime sulfur/miconazole shampoo, systemic therapies
burn bedding, disinfect
Ringworm in other species
Cattle- T. verrucosum
Horses- T. equinum
Pigs- M. nanum
Poultry (favus)- M. gallinae