Mollicutes Flashcards
Mollicutes: general
“soft skin”, smallest self-replicating organism
No cell wall- Trilaminar memb., ubiquitous
pleomorphic, poor stainer
Types of mollicutes
Hemotrophic and non-hemotropic
T or F
some Mollicutes have a carbo capsule
True
mollicutes genome
very small, extremely plastic
Non-hemotrophic mollicutes: general
Most host-specific
grown on specialized axenic media- slow, CO2 rich, “Fried egg” colonies
mucosal surfaces, moist cool environments
Non-hemotrophic mollicutes: Transmission
Direct contact- aerosol or veneral
mechanical in dairies
Vertical in poultry
Non-hemotrophic mollicutes: pathogenesis
survive in non-phagocytic cells
Acute septicemic forms
Chronic inflammatory response=tissue damage
Non-hemotrophic mollicutes: virulence factors
Peroxide/superoxide- disrupts cell integrity
Urease
Proinflammatory molecules, IgA proteases
Avian mycoplasmosis: types
Reportable
M. gallisepticum
M. synoviae
M. melegridis and M. iowae- Turkeys
M. gallisepticum: Clinical signs
Chronic resp. disease in chickens
infectious sinusitis in turkeys
decreased egg prod.
House finch conjunctivitis
M. synoviae: clinical signs
synovitis- lamness, joint swelling, reduced growth
sternal bursitis in turkeys
subclinical airsacculitis
M. melegridis and M. iowae: clinical signs
aircassulitis, skeletal deformities, stunted growth, decreased eggs hatching
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is caused by (include ssp. and variant)
Mycoplasma mycoides ssp. mycoides
small colony variant
Most virulent in cattle, Reportable
CBPP: clinical signs
Resp. disease, subclinical and persistent
acute and/or fatal presentation
resp. distress, coughing, nasal discharge, lethargy, anorexia
M. bovis, californicum, and canadense can all contribute to ___ (in cattle)
Mycoplasma mastitis
Mycoplasma mastitis: clinical signs
enlarged supra-mammary lymph nodes, dropped milk prod., thick, purulent milk
all four quarters can be affected
M. bovigenitalium and ureaplasma diversum causes
Urogenital tract infections
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia is caused by (includes ssp.)
M. capricolum ssp. capripneumoniae
similar to bovine condition
Reportable
M. agalactiae and M. putrefaciens can cause
Contagious agalactia of sheep and goats
reportable, febrile mastitis, arthritis, and conjunctivitis
M. mycoides (ssp. and variant) in goats and sheep causes
ssp. mycoides (large colony variant)
mastitis, pneumonia, bursitis, arthritis- adults
rapid fatal septicemia- kids
M. hyopneumoiae causes
porcine enzootic pneumonia
Chronic non-prod. cough, unthrifty, decreased weight gain
Cause of Polyseroitis in pigs is
M. hyorhinis
Mycoplasma in Equine
M. felis- self limiting pleuritis
M. equirhinitis/fastidiosum- Resp. disease
M. equigenitalium/subdolum- infertility in mares
Mycoplasma in felines
M. gatae- arthritis
M. felis- conjunctivitis
Mycoplasma in Canines
M. canis- urogenital disease: prostatitis, cystitis, etc., infertility
M. cynos/spumans- resp. and arthritic asso.
Mycoplasma in Murine
M. plumonis- mild resp. disease in mice. genital tract infections in rats
Non-hemotrophic mycoplasma: diagnosis
Culture is difficult
Serology and molecular tests
Non-hemotrophic: treatment
attenuated live vaccines
tetracyclines, macrolides (some resistance), high failure rates
Hemotrophic Mollicutes: general
RBC parasites
causes hemolytic anemia
transmission- blood to blood contact, ectoparasites
Hemotrophic Mollicutes: clinical signs
Icterus, splenomegaly, bone marrow, hyperplasia
Hemotrophic Mollicutes: Diagnosis
CS, Blood films, PCR
Hemotrophic Mollicutes:
treatment
correct anemia
tetracyclines
Feline infectious anemia is caused by
M. haemofelis
FIA: clinical signs
fever, anemia, weakness, jaundice
FIA: treatment
blood, doxycycline, flea control
